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Official Site For Emperor Huizong's Royal Ru ware Hoard Imperial Porcelain+Jade
QING DYNASTY PORCELAIN
Chinese Masterpieces
Fine Imperial Qing Dynasty Porcelain
China Porcelain Qing Dynasty Imperial Qianlong Marked and Period
Famille Rose Vase
(WORLD CLASS)
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This China porcelain is a absolutely wonderful Fine Art Qing Dynasty Imperial Qianlong Marked and Period Famille Rose Vase 1736- 1795. This Vase was created using several bands and levels of decorations and shows the great skill it took to make this piece. Some of the Vase has been incised, the band around the shoulder shows thousands of very controlled tiny pin point droplets of enamel, The Leaves, branches, flowering blooms, and butterfly's are very delicately painted. It's important to look carefully and zoom in on the leaves, flowers, and branches you will see the detail, colors, and shading that gives balanced and depth to this piece. Collectors must learn to recognize the differences of a good piece compared to great piece or masterpieces. Most Qing Pieces if you look close at them you will see and understand they were painted by less skilled artist,they will look flat without balance, detail or depth. Pay attention to the details and color balance and shading this will help you to see and understand the difference. This Vase used a few strands of hair brush for much of these decorations and some strokes look to be using a single strand. There is a slight firing flaw along the blue base where the blue shrunk slightly and you can see a couple small areas of white. The Vase has a poem on the back and also has the Qianlong mark on the bottom that lines up with the center of the main decoration which is typical in china porcelain Imperial Qianlong pieces. This Vase Measures approx.16 1/8 inches Tall.
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This is the finest fine art China Porcelain ever published and offered for Sale in the World, "Imperial Qing Dynasty Qianlong Mark and Period
Falangcai Vessel "
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This Qianlong Falangcai Vessel is in a Class of it's own. This is arguably the finest piece of Chinese Falangcai enamels porcelain ever published and offered for sale. Get your books out, check your auction catalogs, Check every museum in the world see if you find a more beautiful or incredible piece anywhere in the world. This Qianlong Vessel has it all, there was so much skill in producing this Vessel it's a must see first hand to really appreciate it. The Vessel has many levels of decorations. The form is exquisite. The ground was blue then incised with a pinpoint in a wave like pattern, then covered with gold. Areas of the ground have small rose colored blossoms. There is two panels that are so delicately painted you can't imagine the total control of the artist that did this piece. The painting in the panels has branches, flowering blooms and two Magpie Birds and much of it was done using a few strands of hair brush and some strokes look to have used a single strand, this can be seen using loupe. The panel frames are in iron red and on the sides there are two leaves in iron red with a cricket and a grasshopper on the leaf. The vessel has two gold phoenix handles. There is very controlled droplets of white enamel highlighting the iron red throughout the piece. The inside and bottom are covered in a beautiful turquoise color. The vessel has the Qianlong mark on the bottom that lines up with the main panel typical on Imperial Qianlong pieces. The vessel measures 7 5/8" tall Qianlong mark and period 1736-1795 This vessel sets the bar very high for real Masterpieces of Chinese porcelain. Feel free to contact me about this vessel.
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Qing Dynasty Imperial mark & period Yongzheng Pair
of Falangcai Enamels Vases
(WORLD CLASS)
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
These Exquisite Masterpieces Falangcai Enamels Vases are very thinly potted,and they were decorated in the Forbidden City in Beijing during the Yongzheng period 1723 to 1735. These vases were painted using Falangcai enamels and it is said that the Emperor himself oversaw the manufacture of these wares. It took such skill and control to create these Vases, Look close and you will understand what a true Chinese Ceramic Masterpiece looks like. It's important to look carefully and zoom in on the leaves, flowers, and branches you will see the detail, colors, and shading that gives balance and depth to these Vases. Collectors must learn to recognize the differences of a good piece compared to great piece or masterpieces. Most Qing Pieces if you look close at them you will see and understand they were painted by less skilled artist, they will look flat without balance, detail or depth. Pay attention to the details and color balance and shading this will help you to see and understand the difference. These vases are delicate and decorated with branches, flowering prunus, and birds. The Yongzheng Falangcai color palette is distinct, making these wares easy to distinguish. On the reverse there is a inscribed poem with three seals. The Yongzheng mark on the base was added by the Beijing decorators in blue enamel. This pair of vases are not exact copies of each other which is typical on Yongzheng wares. The Birds on these vases are so finely done the feathers took well over a thousand tiny strokes using a single hair brush to create their bodies this can only be seen using a loop. Zoom in on the photos and you'll be able to see the tiny strokes on the Birds, and there bodies are only about 1/2" wide. The artist skill and control is incredible. The quality of these wares are magnificent, check your auction catalogs, books, museums, and see if you find a better pair of Yongzheng falangcai vases published anywhere. This pair of Vases
measure approx. 8 3/8 inches Tall.
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Qianlong Imperial marked and period Mirror Black Glazed Bowl
(WORLD CLASS)
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This is a extremely fine Imperial Qianlong marked and period 1736-1795 Mirror Black Glazed Bowl with Pin Point Incised Architectural and Landscape decorations, filled in with Gold. This Mirror Black Glazed Bowl is the most exquisite masterpiece of this type ever offered on the open market. Check all your auction catalogs and books see if you find any black glazed piece that can compare with this masterpiece. Each line is incised as fine as a hair. You cannot appreciate this piece in a photo, you have to see it first hand to even try to understand the skill and control it took to create this bowl. The form is exquisite, also you can see how the glaze thins out around the rim exposing the white biscuit under it. Collectors must learn to recognize the differences of a good piece compared to great piece or masterpieces. Most Qing Pieces if you look close at them you will see and understand they were painted by less skilled artist, they will look flat without balance, detail or depth. Pay attention to the details and color balance and shading this will help you to see and understand the difference. The Qianlong seal mark lines up with the front of the bowl, this is typical during Qianlong period.The Qianlong period was the pinnacle of china porcelain. The Bowl measures
approx.9 3/16 inches diameter.
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Extremely Rare Islamic Influenced Qing Dynasty "Imperial Qianlong
Mark and Period Famille Rose Landscape Vase"
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
Chinese Antique Porcelain Qing Dynasty Qianlong Marked and Period Famille Rose Landscape Vase This is a extremely rare and fine Qianlong marked and period 1736-1795 Famille Rose landscape Vase. The Vase has a Hu form, and resembles Islamic tile in parts of the motif. The Islamic influence shows up in some porcelains for only a short period of time during Qianlong period. This beautifully painted and highly detailed Vase has two landscape panels of valleys. Each panel is framed with two phoenix. The Mark lines up with the main panel which is typical of Imperial Qianlong porcelain. This vase is a true masterpiece Qianlong period. The Qianlong period was the pinnacle of porcelain in China. This Vase measures approx. 10 1/2 inches tall. Feel free to contact me about this Vase.
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Qing Dynasty Imperial Qianlong Celadon mark and period Vase
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This is a finely carved Qianlong mark and period Vase in the form of a Hu,The Vase has Five finely carved five claw dragons in the clouds above the water, and is covered with a beautiful Celadon Glaze, also has two Deer head handles. It has the Qianlong mark that lines up with the main Facing Dragon typical of Qianlong wares.The Vase measures approx
12 3/4" Tall
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Yellow Ground Imperial Qianlong mark & period Incised Qing Dynasty
100 Moths Vase
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This is a fine yellow ground Qing Dynasty Vase that is decorated with incised Moths, Fruit's, and Flower's, and they are filled in with rather thick enamel colors, the rest of the Vase was done with thin enamels Vase has Beautiful form and very beautifully painted and very detailed. This Vase has the blue under-glaze Qianlong Mark on the base. The Vase measures 16 3/4" Tall and it is a marked and period Vase.
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Qing Dynasty Imperial Qianlong mark & period Red
Ground Vase With Birds
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This Qing Dynasty Marked and period Qianlong Vase has beautiful form a red ground, and is finely painted with gold branches and blooms and eight Birds done in black and white enamels. The gold painting was done using loose freestyle strokes, and the Birds feathers were done using a very fine brush. It's important to look carefully and zoom in on the details, color, and shading that gives balance and depth to this piece. Pay attention to the details and color balance and shading this will help you to see and understand what makes Imperial Qianlong porcelain. The Qianlong seal mark lines up with center of the painting which is typical of Imperial Qianlong porcelain. The Qianlong period was the pinnacle of porcelain in China.The Vase was very well done and measures approx.18 1/2 " Tall
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Qing Dynasty Imperial Yongzheng Mark & Period Doucai Moon Flask
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
Qing Dynasty Yongzheng mark & period Doucai Moon Flask Flowers of the Four Seasons with blooming flowers and blossoms. Doucai means contrasting colors and they used the Fencai pallet of enamels which was typical during the Yongzheng reign. The Flask measures approx. 12 1/2" tall ppjrs
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Qing Dynasty Imperial Qianlong mark & period Yellow Ground Rooster Vase
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This Qing Dynasty Marked and period Qianlong Rooster Vase, has a yellow ground and is finely painted with three Roosters, Butterflies, Birds, and colorful Flowering blooms. On the back it has inscribed poem with three seal marks. Most of painting was done using loose free style strokes, and parts were done with fine detail using a very fine brush. It's important to look carefully and zoom in on the details, color, and shading that gives balance and depth to this piece. Collectors must learn to recognize the differences of a good piece compared to a great pieces or masterpieces. Often Qing pieces if you look close at them you will see and understand they were painted by a less skilled artist, they will look flat without balance, detail or depth. Pay attention to the details and color balance and shading this will help you to see and understand the difference. The Qianlong seal mark lines up with center of the painting which is typical of Imperial Qianlong porcelain. The Qianlong period was the pinnacle of porcelain in China.The vase was very well done and measures approx.17 1/2 " Tall
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Qing Dynasty Imperial Yongzheng Mark & Period Dragon
And Phoenix Dish
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
Qing Dynasty Yongzheng mark & period Dragon and Phoenix in the clouds Dish. Doucai means contrasting colors and they used the Fencai pallet of enamels which was typical during the Yongzheng reign. The Dish
measures approx. 17 7/8" dia. ppjrs
(click image to enlarge)
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Porcelain Unique Qing Dynasty Imperial Qianlong
Mark and Period Vase
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This is a wonderful unique Mark and Period Qing Dynasty Qianlong Vase, It has a Brown Glaze that has been very finely painted with Gold scrolling vines and chrysanthemums, also it has molded attached Branches, Peaches, and Mushrooms rapping around the Vase. The base has a impressed Qianlong Mark.
The Vase measures approx. 11 5/8 " Tall
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Qing Dynasty Yellow Ground Famille Rose Imperial Masterpiece
Mark & period Qianlong Meiping Vase.
(World Class)
Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
This Masterpiece is a yellow ground Qing Dynasty Famille Rose Meiping Vase that is decorated brown branches with thick enamel rose colored blossoms and four highly detailed beautifully done Birds. Enlarge the photos to see the detail and control this artist had to create this vase. The back has a written poem and three seal marks. Vase has Beautiful form and very finely painted. This Vase has the blue under-glaze Qianlong Mark on the base that lines up with the main decoration which is typical on Imperial Qianlong Vases. The Vase measures
approx.12 3/4" Tall and it is a marked and period Vase.
(click image to enlarge)
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100% Authentic N. Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru Kiln Porcelain Collection
there is no collection in the world that has more proof of Authenticity
Understanding "Botryoidal Malachite" Patina
Formation of Fanlike Crystal Needles
Most crystals simply begin to grow using available molecules. This results in discrete crystals whose sizes depend on available material. But malachite is different. It seldom forms discrete crystals of good size. Instead, scientists say, developing malachite crystals “split”, diverging into tiny needles, packed together in a fanlike arrangement.
The fanlike malachite needles grow into tightly bonded spherules, which crowd together and bond, forming a solid mass. When the spherules stop growing and terminate, the top surface is rounded to some degree. The terms “botryoidal” (resembling a cluster of grapes) and “reniform” (kidney-shaped) are used to describe large to small undulating masses of spherules.
Author Bob Jones Holds the Carnegie Mineralogical Award, is a member of the Rockhound Hall of Fame, and has been writing for Rock & Gem since its inception. He lectures about minerals, and has written several books and video scripts.
This is a Microscopic photo of one of the Ru Ware Fire Gilded Copper Bands, shows the "Botryoidal Malachite Patina over the reddish Cuprite."This can not be Faked. (From the book Copper and bronze in art by David Scott) (chapter 3 page 106 Malachite in bronze patinas) (The natural transition of metal to cuprite to malachite is very difficult to replicate in the laboratory. In fact, most of the recipes for producing artificial green patinas on copper alloys, such as those compiled by Hughes and Rowe (1982), do not result in malachite formation over a cuprite layer. Consequently, the existence of this type of corrosion, supported by analytical and metallographic studies, is a good indication of the authenticity of an artifact.)
WATCH
Click On Video Clip Proves Botryoidal Malachite Can't Be Faked! No one has ever faked this Botryoidal malachite patina only happens in nature. This Guaranties Authenticity Of This Imperial Royal Ru Ware Collection
Priceless Past WWW.pricelesspast.com
Link to Full Video https://youtu.be/5O-l6vY0dnc?si=FsHEJdKox0a1p0bH
Royal Imperial Ru Ware that Emperor Huizong of Song, Commissioned and Collected
During the Northern Song Dynasty Explained
Facts that were written about the Ru Kiln and Emperor Huizong in ancient writings that describe Royal Imperial Ru wares.
Emperor Huizong reigned supreme from 1100 to 1126 Emperor Huizong abdicated His throne to his son. He was known for his promotion of Taoism and talents in poetry, painting, calligraphy and music. The Jin armies were closing in and eventually took over his Song Empire and he was captured 1127 and he died in captivity in 1135, from the wealthiest man in the world to a broken man. His vast collections were gather up and stored in large wooden crates and passed down through the centuries. Since China has opened up in the 90s many old collections have reached the market place. My Royal Imperial Ru ware collection comes from Huizong's collection.
During Emperor Huizong reign he decided to commission the Ru Kiln to produce wares for himself and his court because they were giving the finest Imperial tribute wares to him out of all the kilns. The Ru Kiln Imperial tribute wares that were given to Emperor Huizong was the finest wares the Ru Kiln was producing at that time, they don't have flaws and to make them really special they used several colors and added fire gilded bands on the rim and sometimes the base also. (Fire gilding with gold and mercury, the mercury metal being driven off afterward by fire. This type of gilding hasn't been used since the mid 1800 because it's very dangerous ) on the rim and sometimes the base also. All tribute wares have the fire gilded bands that are around the rim and base and sometimes only the rim. These bands have extensive layered cuprite and malachite corrosion that only occurs in nature and can't be faked. (From the book Copper and bronze in art by David Scott) (chapter 3 page 106 Malachite in bronze patinas) The natural transition of metal to cuprite to malachite is very difficult to replicate in the laboratory. In fact, most of the recipes for producing artificial green patinas on copper alloys, such as those compiled by Hughes and Rowe (1982), do not result in malachite formation over a cuprite layer. Consequently, the existence of this type of corrosion, supported by analytical and metallographic studies, is a good indication of the authenticity of an artifact.) This started some of the other kilns to add fire gilded bands on their Imperial tribute wares also.
Before the Ru Kiln was the actual Emperor's Official Imperial kiln they were producing wares that were quite small and have sporadic crackle and were fired on stilts leaving spur marks on the base. None of these wares have crushed agate in the glaze and often these wares had flaws. The severely flawed wares were destroyed, the wares that had severe firing flaws were sold to the population for a very cheap price, These are the same wares that are being sold by Sotheby's and Christie's, and often found in Museums that have Ru ware collections. The better wares were sold to the wealthy merchants and were quite expensive. The finest wares were given as tribute to the Emperor Huizong, he had been receiving all these flamboyant wares from all the kilns. Emperor Huizong decided to commission the Ru Kiln and make them the first official Imperial Kiln in China, to create wares that would be the 1st Official Imperial wares used exclusively for himself and his court in China's history. He wanted the wares to look similar to wares from past history they had to be Celadon color and look like they were carved from jade similar color to the Koryo wares from Korea. He didn't want the wares to have spur marks after he saw the prototypes, they started firing the wares flat in the kiln with unglazed foot rings. Emperor Huizong wanted them to use Rare Blue Crushed Agate in the glaze, crushed agate has only been used in Official Imperial Ru wares that were developed by Emperor Huizong. The 1st commissioned wares the biscuit has a grayish color that turns brown after firing some of the wares have marks scratched in the base most say Feng Hua among other marks, and they all have a cracked ice crackle. Rare Blue Crushed Agate has only been used in Official Imperial Ru wares that were developed by Emperor Huizong. He wanted these wares to be larger than the Ru kiln tribute wares and very modest with simplistic refined forms often they used Trumpet formed mouths, All of these Royal Imperial 1st commissioned wares were used for the Emperor and his court only regardless of any flaws that occur in the firing process.
The Ru Kiln was now the official Imperial kiln and they focused on making Imperial wares only for the Emperor and his court. Emperor Huizong saw real beauty in these wares in spite of them often being flawed and simplistic because each piece had its own character like human beings he saw beauty. Eventually some of his Imperial advisors wanted more beautiful wares, so Emperor Huizong decided also to have the Ru Kiln produce the finest Celadon wares China has ever produce for himself and the court. The 2nd Official Royal Imperial wares Huizong commissioned are not modest they are very elegant, luxurious and beautiful with very rich glaze and the finest Celadon wares China has ever produced. These wares are all celadon in color with different tones and they also used Rare Blue Crushed Agate in the glaze in all these wares. They have very rich celadon glaze and Rare Blue Crushed Agate was included and there is no crackle in the glaze except for silver banded wares have a few lines, the forms are very exquisite, the foot rings are unglazed they were fired flat in the kiln, the biscuit is off white and turns brownish after firing, they sometimes used fire gilded copper bands on the rim and base on some special wares, they also used silver bands on the rim only on special wares that used a darkest celadon glaze these have a few lines of crackle. All 2nd commissioned official imperial wares are not marked.
All the Ru Ware that was produced before they became the official Royal Imperial kiln doesn't have agate in the glaze. All the Auction houses and Museums claim they used crushed agate in the glaze in all the Ru ware they have recorded and the say it can't be seen because it melted in the firing process, this is a totally false narrative. All the Ru ware they have recorded is not the official Imperial Ru ware that Emperor Huizong commissioned the Ru Kiln to produce for him and his court its all flawed Merchant wares. Agate melts at 1600C to 2600C degrees and the Song dynasty kilns temperature only reached 1250C degrees at best, so this is a fallacy that the crushed agate melted in the glaze, They never used agate in any merchant wares also it would be very difficult to crush agate into a complete powder this is why you can clearly see traces of the agate in the glaze using a 20x loupe or better in all official Royal Imperial commissioned Ru Wares.
I've collected this hoard of Ru/Ju wares and these wares have been hidden away since the fall on the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qianlong Emperor did not have the ability to collect such pieces, the pieces he collected were from flawed pieces that were sold to the population and the wealthy merchant class pieces the Ru Kiln was producing before they became the Official Imperial Kiln. The merchant Wares that were collected by the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing Dynasty are all that was known to exist at that time. Until collectors from the 20th century started collecting mostly flawed population Ru ware. Since the 1990s China has opened up to the world and many fine pieces and collection that were hidden have reached the market place. I realize this will clear up some of the questions about the Ru/Ju Kiln wares and Emperor Huizong reign. For many years everyone had to rely on the pieces that are from the Qianlong Emperor's collection, those pieces are very nice but they are not the real official Royal Imperial Ru/Ju wares that Emperor Huizong commissioned the Ru/Ju Kiln to produce for himself and his court.
These Ru-wares are the 1st Commissioned Official Royal Imperial wares in the history of China.
1st commissioned Royal Imperial Ru ware is explained and written about in ancient text, describing that Emperor Huizong commissioned the Ru/ Ju Kiln to produce celadon wares that would be modest, understated, simplistic and look like the wares were from the past history. Also explained that 1st commissioned Royal Imperial wares used Rare Blue Crushed Agate in the glaze mix, (this can be seen with a 20x loupe) Crushed agate has only been used in Official Royal Imperial Ru wares that were developed by Emperor Huizong. The 1st commissioned Royal Imperial wares have many unique forms that have not been seen before and this all shows the true genius of the Ru kiln artisans. The foot rings on all 1st official Ru ware are unglazed. All of the 1st Commissioned official Royal Imperial Ru wares have a fine cracked ice crackle in the glaze and these wares are also glaze on the inside. Often the 1st Commissioned official Royal Imperial Ru wares have marks scratched in the base and most say feng hua, vases often have trumpet formed mouths and they are larger than the merchant and tribute wares. 1st commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru ware have an ash colored biscuit that turns brown after firing. All of the 1st commissioned Royal Imperial Ru Ware have a fine cracked ice crackle in the glaze, these wares are also glazed on the inside. The 1st commissioned official Royal Imperial Ru wares were made exclusively for the Emperor and his court. Emperor Huizong saw beauty in simplicity and he saw each of these pieces as a work of art regardless if they had any flaws all pieces stayed in the court, these wares clearly fulfilled his wishes. The 1st commissioned official Royal Imperial Ru-vase shows a closeup photo of a drip of glaze that stuck to the foot ring and clearly shows chips of Rare Blue Agate in the glaze and the ancient writings that explains Ru Ware is proof these are the legendary official Royal Imperial wares of Emperor Huizong of Song
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Ru Kiln Imperial Tribute wares are the finest wares they were producing and they gifted them to Emperor Huizong of Song dynasty below are three tribute vases.
The tribute wares are generally small with fire gilded over copper bands, these bands have cuprite and malachite corrosion and this guarantees its great age and is more reliable than a TL test and used by all experts to determine authenticity of an artifact and can't be faked! Tribute wares are glazed all over and they're fired on setters with prongs that hold the piece off the kiln floor. The prongs leave spur marks on the base and these marks are sesame seed size and shape. Tribute wares have a beautiful smooth glaze and they don't have any crushed agate stone in the glaze. Only Official Imperial wares have crushed Blue Agate in the glaze. The Tribute Wares either have an off white or ash colored biscuit and they are finest done merchant wares, and were given fire gilded copper bands and presented to Emperor Huizong as Tribute
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Sotheby's sold these two Flawed Northern Song Dynasty Ru Ware brush washers in Hong Kong. Now Christie's has sold a flawed Ru Ware Tea Bowl in Hong Kong. They cheated and swindled the collectors that purchased this junk.They should return the money
2nd commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Wares are the finest celadon wares China ever produced.
Those imperial advisors in the Emperor's court requested finer wares so Emperor Huizong commissioned the Ru Kiln to produce the fabulous 2nd commissioned official Royal Imperial Celadon wares for him and his court, this was also written about in ancient text, The 2nd commissioned Royal Imperial wares are very elegant, luxurious and beautiful, they are larger than both the merchant wares and tribute wares and all are celadon color. All 2nd commissioned Royal Imperial wares have Rare Crushed Blue Agate in the glaze.( this can be seen with a 20x loupe). Crushed Blue Agate has only been used in Official Imperial Ru wares that were developed by Emperor Huizong. The 2nd commissioned Royal Imperial wares have many unseen unique forms that show the true genius of the Ru kiln. The 2nd commissioned Royal wares the foot rings are unglazed and they were fired flat in the kiln, and the vase shown has fire gilded over copper bands that is corroded with cup rite and malachite and this guarantees its great age and is more reliable than a TL test and used by all experts to determine authenticity of an artifact and can't be faked! All 2nd commissioned Royal Imperial wares are not marked. The 2nd commissioned Royal Imperial wares have off white biscuit that turns brownish after firing, the wares have a very rich beautiful smooth glaze without any crackle, some wares have fire gilded over copper bands and vases that have no bands also have no crackle in the glaze. All the 2nd commissioned Royal Imperial vases shown below that have a gilded over silver band have a slight bit of crackle a few lines in the glaze, All these vases have gilded silver band around the rim only, also they have a darker celadon glaze with Rare Blue Crushed Agate that can be seen with a 20x loupe. and where the gild has worn they have a thick black corrosion.
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Ru-Kiln merchant wares aren't the finest quality these were sold to the wealthy merchants, flawed wares were sold to the population at a very cheap price
Below Three Ru Kiln pieces shown are Merchant wares. The merchant Wares that were collected by the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing Dynasty are all that was known to exist until China has opened up to the world and many fine pieces and collection that were hidden have reached the market place. The merchant ware pieces are smaller than the Royal Imperial wares and they're glazed all over including the foot ring. They were fired using setters with prongs to lift the pieces off the kiln floor. Because of this they have spur marks that are sesame seed size and shape and these spur marks can only be seen on merchant wares and tribute wares. The merchant wares are not as finely done as the tribute wares because the best wares were given fire gilded copper bands and presented to Emperor Huizong as tribute.
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