**A Comprehensive Analysis of the First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru Ware: Contextual Heritage and Artistic Significance** The First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru Ware, extensively chronicled in ancient manuscripts preserved at the Palace Museum in Taiwan, originates from an edict by Emperor Huizong, instructing the Ru/Ju Kiln to produce celadon pieces marked by understated elegance, simplicity, and reverence for historical heritage. The exquisite artistry of these wares is further elevated by the incorporation of Rare Crushed Blue Agate in the glaze composition—a characteristic that becomes apparent upon magnification with a 20x loupe. This unique material is confined to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares crafted during the reign of Huizong. The distinctive forms of these artifacts, many of which are unprecedented in their design, exemplify the remarkable creativity of Ru kiln artisans. Notable features include unglazed foot rings and a delicate, cracked ice texture within the glaze, as well as glazed interiors of the vessels. Frequently, these wares showcase marks etched into their bases, often inscribed. The vases typically display trumpet-shaped mouths and are larger than both merchant and tribute wares. Additionally, the First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru Ware is distinguished by its ash-colored biscuit that undergoes darkening to brownish post-firing. Each piece prominently exhibits the signature cracked ice pattern, with interiors also exhibiting glazed finishes. These wares were exclusively produced for the Emperor and his court, reflecting Huizong’s deep appreciation for the beauty inherent in simplicity. He considered each item to be a work of art, maintaining all artifacts within the court regardless of minor imperfections, thereby aligning with his artistic ethos. A detailed examination of a First Official Royal Imperial Ru vase reveals a significant glaze drip affixed to the foot ring and also first commissioned Ru wares that have microscopic photos that show the agate specks sparkling in the glaze. This is conclusive evidence of their origin as the fabled wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty. Following the incursion of the Jin army, artisans from the Royal Kiln migrated south, with approximately half contributing their skills to the Imperial Guan Kilns, while the remainder joined the Longquan Kiln. Although the Longquan wares bear a resemblance to the distinguished second commissioned Royal Ru Kiln artifacts, they lack the defining crushed agate component that characterizes the original Ru pieces. ppjrs

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The Preeminent Celadon Ceramics Worldwide: An Examination of the Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru Wares, Celebrated as the Pinnacle of Celadon Production in China.

**Commissioned by Emperor Huizong: An Examination of the Second Set of Official Royal Imperial Celadon Wares from the Ru Kiln** In response to the exquisite request of his court, Emperor Huizong commissioned the Ru Kiln to produce the remarkable second series of official Royal Imperial Celadon wares. Documented in ancient texts, these wares are characterized by their elegance, luxury, and beauty, surpassing both merchant wares and tribute wares in scale and design, distinguished by their distinctive celadon hue. A hallmark of these second-commissioned Royal wares is the inclusion of Rare Crushed Blue Agate within the glaze, identifiable through a 20x loupe. This unique glaze component is exclusive to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares conceived under Emperor Huizong's direction. The second commissioned Official Royal Imperial wares showcase a variety of unique forms that reflect the exceptional craftsmanship of the Royal Ru kiln. Notably, the foot rings of these wares are unglazed and were fired flat in the kiln. The featured vase illustrates fire gilding over copper bands, which display signs of corrosion with cuprite and malachite, thus confirming its considerable age. This method of authentication is more reliable than thermoluminescence testing and is recognized by experts as an irrefutable indicator of an artifact's genuineness. It is important to note that all second-commissioned Official Royal Imperial wares lack distinguishing marks. The ceramic body typically presents an off-white biscuit, which transitions to a subtle brownish hue post-firing, while the wares boast a rich, smooth glaze devoid of any crackle. Some pieces feature fire gilding over copper bands, whereas others, without bands, also exhibit a flawless glaze. Among the presented vases, those adorned with gilded silver bands along the rim show minimal crackle in the glaze. The darker celadon glaze of these vases contains Rare Crushed Blue Agate, observable under a 20x loupe, with microscopic photographs illustrating the agate specks alongside each piece. Notably, the areas surrounding the gilded pores display a prominent black corrosion from the silver band beneath. Following the Jin Army's conquest of the Northern Song Dynasty, many Imperial Royal Kiln artisans sought refuge in the South. It is surmised that approximately half of the workforce integrated into the Imperial Guan Kilns, while the remainder joined the Longquan Kiln, resulting in Longquan wares displaying stylistic similarities to the illustrious second commissioned Royal Ru Kiln wares. However, it is crucial to highlight that Longquan pieces do not incorporate crushed agate in their glaze, marking a distinct difference between the two. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Ru-Kiln Double Gourd Vase of the Northern

Song Dynasty 

**Exceptional First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Double Gourd Vase of Notable Historical Significance** This distinguished double gourd vase, a first commissioned piece from the Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln, stands out amongst the earliest wares crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his Court. Measuring 10 3/8 inches in height, the vase exhibits a meticulously balanced form, gracefully flaring at both the mouth and base. The celadon glaze incorporates crushed agate, a detail discernible under a 20x loupe, and is further illustrated in the accompanying microscopic photographs adjacent to each piece. Notably, the rare crushed blue agate has only been utilized in the official Royal Imperial Ru wares conceived during Emperor Huizong's reign. The vase features a finely-crafted grayish body that has developed a brown hue on the unglazed foot post-firing, and it is adorned with a delicate ice crackle glaze that thins elegantly at the mouth. This exquisite piece is a remnant of Emperor Huizong's esteemed collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Official Beaker Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty's Royal Imperial Ru Kiln

This esteemed 1st commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln lobed beaker-shaped vase is part of a select group of wares that were originally produced exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court. Standing at 8 1/8 inches in height, the vase exhibits a strikingly refined and well-balanced form. Notably, the rich glaze pools gracefully around the base, enhancing its aesthetic appeal. The celadon glaze incorporates crushed agate, an aspect observable under a 20x loupe, as evidenced by the microscopic photographs accompanying each piece. The rare crushed blue agate has been uniquely employed in all Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed during Emperor Huizong's reign. This lobed beaker-shaped Ru vase is crafted from a fine grayish body that transitions to brown upon firing, and it features a delicate ice-crackle glaze, which is also discernible through the loupe. This exemplary piece is among those that remain from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware. ppjrs 

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First Commissioned Official Imperial Ru-ware Meiping Vase from 
the Northern Song Dynasty 

 This esteemed 1st commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln meiping vase is a distinguished example of wares created exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court. Standing at an impressive height of 10 1/4 inches, the vase exhibits a gracefully balanced form. The base features two incised characters. The celadon glaze incorporates rare crushed blue agate, a distinctive element identifiable through a 20x loupe, as evidenced by the microscopic photographs accompanying each piece. Notably, the use of crushed agate is exclusive to Official Royal Imperial Ru wares initiated during Emperor Huizong's reign. Crafted from a fine grayish body that transitions to brown upon firing, the celadon glaze showcases a delicate cracked ice texture, observable through magnification. This piece is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware from Emperor Huizong's era. ppjrs

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Officially First Commissioned Northern Song Dynasty Imperial 
Ru-Ware Vase with Foliated Rim 

This highly esteemed vase with a foliated rim is an official Royal Imperial Ru kiln piece, commissioned during the reign of Emperor Huizong. It represents one of the earliest wares crafted specifically for the Emperor and his court. Standing at 8 3/4 inches in height, this vase exhibits a meticulously refined and balanced form. The celadon glaze features a distinctive cracked ice texture, incorporating crushed agate in its composition, as can be observed using a 20x loupe. Microscopic photographs reveal the presence of agate specks alongside detailed images of each piece. Notably, the use of crushed blue agate is exclusive to the official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under Emperor Huizong’s patronage. This vase is constructed from a fine grayish clay body that transitions to a brown hue upon firing. It is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware attributed to Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-ware Beaker Vase 
from the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptional beaker-formed vase, first commissioned as part of the Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln collection, represents a distinguished subset of ceramics created specifically for Emperor Huizong and the Imperial Court. Standing at a height of 8 1/8 inches, the vase exhibits a remarkably refined and harmonious form. The glaze, notable for its rich texture, reveals areas that display varying shades of greenish and bluish hues where the mixture was not entirely homogenous. This celadon glaze is particularly unique, as it incorporates rare crushed blue agate. The characteristic cracked ice crackle effect is discernible under magnification, specifically observed with a 20x loupe; microscopic photography also highlights the specks of agate present in the ceramic. It is important to note that the utilization of crushed agate is exclusively associated with the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under the auspices of Emperor Huizong. Crafted from a fine grayish clay that transforms to a brown hue during firing, this vase is a noteworthy artifact from the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware curated by Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Official Northern Song Dynasty Royal Imperial 
Ru-Ware Flower Bud Vase

**Focused Overview of a Highly Coveted First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Flower Bud Formed Vase** This distinguished first commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln flower bud vase represents a significant subset of wares crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court. The vase, marked with the inscription, stands at an impressive height of 10¾ inches and showcases a refined and harmonious form. Notably, the celadon glaze incorporates rare crushed blue agate, which exhibits a unique cracked-ice crackle pattern best observed through a 20x loupe; microscopic photographs further illustrate the agate specks present in the ceramic body. The use of crushed agate is a hallmark of Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under Emperor Huizong's reign. The vase is constructed from a fine grayish clay that develops a brown hue post-firing, and it originates from the remnants of Emperor Huizong's cherished collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Official Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty: Imperial Ru-Ware Vessel Depicting Fish Leaping from Water 

This esteemed First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln Fish Leaping from water Vase is part of a select collection of wares crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his royal court. With a height of 11 1/4 inches, the Vase exhibits an elegantly formed shape that exemplifies refined craftsmanship. The celadon glaze incorporates crushed blue agate, notable for its distinctive ice-crackle pattern, which can be appreciated under magnification using a 20x loupe. Additionally, microscopic imagery reveals the presence of agate specks adjacent to each piece's photographs. The rare crushed blue agate has been exclusively utilized in Official Royal Imperial Ru wares, a hallmark of the dynasty developed under the guidance of Emperor Huizong. Constructed with a fine gray body that transitions to a light brown upon firing, this unique vase is a remnant of Emperor Huizong's preserved collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Official Vase of the Northern Song Dynasty: Royal Imperial Ru-Ware in Melon Form 

This esteemed First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln melon gourd vase is part of a select collection of wares crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his royal court. With a height of 8 1/8 inches, the vase exhibits an elegantly balanced form that exemplifies refined craftsmanship. The celadon glaze incorporates crushed blue agate, notable for its distinctive ice-crackle pattern, which can be appreciated under magnification using a 20x loupe. Additionally, microscopic imagery reveals the presence of agate specks adjacent to each piece's photographs. The rare crushed blue agate has been exclusively utilized in Official Royal Imperial Ru wares, a hallmark of the dynasty developed under the guidance of Emperor Huizong. Constructed with a fine gray body that transitions to a rich brown upon firing, this exquisite vase is a remnant of Emperor Huizong's preserved collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware. ppjrs

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Official Royal Imperial Ru Ware Three-Leg Burner from the Northern Song Dynasty: First Commissioned Piece

**An Exquisite First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Three-Leg Burner with Handles and Lid, Adorned with a Mythical Animal Finial: A Masterwork for Emperor Huizong and His Court** This distinguished burner, measuring 9 1/4 inches in height, epitomizes the exceptional craftsmanship of Early Song Dynasty ceramics, specifically commissioned for Emperor Huizong and his esteemed court. Its elegantly proportioned form is complemented by intricately designed handles, exemplifying artistic precision. The celadon glaze reveals nuanced variations that enhance its aesthetic appeal. Noteworthy is the delicate cracked ice texture, combined with finely crushed rare blue agate—an exclusive characteristic of Official Royal Imperial Ru wares—evident upon closer inspection, as indicated in the provided microscopic imagery. The burner’s body exhibits a refined grayish palette, which appears brown as a result of the firing process. This remarkable artifact is part of the remaining collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware, serving as a significant testament to the artistic heritage established under Emperor Huizong's reign. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Northern Song Dynasty Official 
Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Vase 

**A Distinguished First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Vase with Handles and Trumpet Mouth: A Masterpiece for Emperor Huizong and His Court** This esteemed vase, standing at 8 3/8 inches tall, exemplifies the exquisite craftsmanship of Early Song Dynasty ceramics, specifically designed for Emperor Huizong and his court. Its elegantly balanced form is accentuated by a trumpet-shaped mouth and intricately designed handles. The celadon glaze showcases subtle variations, with slight greenish and bluish hues resulting from incomplete mixing. Notably, it features a delicate cracked ice texture, and the addition of crushed rare blue agate—an exclusive element in Official Royal Imperial Ru wares—is discernible under magnification, as evident in the accompanying microscopic images. The body of the vase has a fine grayish composition, which appears brown due to the firing process. This exceptional piece is part of the surviving collection of N. Song Imperial Ru Ware, a testament to the artistic legacy of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Vase in 
Drum Form from the Northern Song Dynasty

This exceptional 1st Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln drum-form vase is part of a select group of wares specifically crafted for Emperor Huizong and his Court. Standing at 10 inches tall, the vase features a meticulously balanced design that gracefully flares at both the trumpet mouth and the base. Its celadon glaze exhibits a delicate cracked ice texture, enhanced by the incorporation of crushed agate, which is visible under magnification with a 20x loupe. Microscopic images accompanying the piece reveal distinct specks of agate, attesting to its premium quality. Notably, crushed blue agate was exclusively utilized in the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under the auspices of Emperor Huizong. The vase itself is constructed from a fine grayish clay that has oxidized to a brown hue during the firing process. This piece represents a rare remnant from Emperor Huizong's esteemed collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs

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First Commissioned Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Mallet-Form Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty

This esteemed first commissioned official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln mallet-formed vase, characterized by a trumpet mouth design, is part of a select collection of wares created exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court. Standing at 10 inches tall, the vase displays a meticulously balanced form that elegantly flares out at the trumpet mouth. Its celadon glaze exhibits a refined cracked ice pattern, enhanced by the incorporation of crushed blue agate, discernible under a 20x loupe, as evidenced by the microscopic images accompanying each piece's photographs. The utilization of rare crushed blue agate is unique to the official Royal Imperial Ru wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. This particular vase features a sophisticated grayish body that has developed a brown hue post-firing. This piece is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware from the era of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Official Vase in Ru kiln: Cong Form 
from the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptional 2nd Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln conge-formed vase represents one of the most sophisticated and luxurious celadon wares ever crafted in China. These exclusive works were produced specifically for Emperor Huizong and his esteemed court. The vase features an exquisite celadon glaze, notable for its rich and smooth texture, devoid of any crackling. A unique characteristic of this particular glaze is the incorporation of crushed agate, visible under magnification with a 20x loupe, and identifiable through the microscopic images accompanying each piece. Crushed agate is a distinctive element utilized solely in the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under Emperor Huizong's patronage. Furthermore, this cong-formed vase is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands at the rim and base, now exhibiting corrosion comprised of cuprite and malachite, thereby affirming its considerable age. This evidence is deemed more reliable than thermoluminescence testing and is accepted by experts as a definitive means of authenticating artifacts, as it cannot be fabricated. The vase possesses a body that originally appeared off-white but developed a brownish hue post-firing. It stands at an impressive height of 7 inches and is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Official Vase in the Trumpet Form of Ru Ware 
from the Northern Song Dynasty 

This highly esteemed second commissioned official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln trumpet-form vase represents a pinnacle of elegance within the exquisite celadon wares produced in China. Crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court, this remarkable piece showcases a striking celadon glaze characterized by exceptional richness and smoothness, devoid of any crackling. The inclusion of crushed agate in the glaze is discernible under magnification, as evidenced by the microscopic images accompanying each piece. The use of crushed Blue Agate is a distinctive feature reserved for the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed during Emperor Huizong's reign. Furthermore, the trumpet-form vase is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands around the rim and base, which exhibit signs of corrosion, specifically cuprite and malachite. This corrosion serves as a testament to the vase’s age, providing a more reliable indication of authenticity than thermoluminescence testing. Such identification methods are universally accepted by experts in the field and are impervious to forgery. The vase's off-white body has developed a subtle brown hue due to the firing process. Standing at an impressive height of 8 ¾ inches, this artifact is a notable remnant of Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty: Rectangular Design with Tubular Handles, Second Commissioning

This distinguished Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Vase, characterized by its rectangular shape and tube handles, ranks among the most exquisite celadon wares produced in China’s storied history. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this pale celadon vase showcases a remarkable glaze that is both opulent and notably smooth to the touch, enhanced by the inclusion of rare blue crushed agate in its glaze composition. This unique feature can be effectively examined using a 20x loupe or microscope, revealing the distinctive fragments of agate, as illustrated in the accompanying microscopic imagery alongside the photographs of each piece. The incorporation of rare crushed blue agate is a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln wares commissioned during Emperor Huizong's reign. The second commissioned royal vase exhibits an off-white body that assumed a brownish hue post-firing. This remarkable artifact stands approximately 9 1/8 inches in height and is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln wares attributed to Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Vase of the Northern Song Dynasty Exhibiting Pear-Shaped Design

This esteemed second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Pear Form Vase ranks among the most exquisite celadon wares ever produced in China, renowned for its elegance and luxury. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this Pale Celadon Vase is distinguished by its remarkable glaze, characterized by a rich, smooth texture enhanced with Rare Blue Crushed Agate integrated into the glaze formulation. This unique feature can be demonstrated through examination with a 20x loupe or microscope, where specks of agate are visible, as evidenced in the accompanying microscopic photographs. The incorporation of Rare Crushed Blue Agate is a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru Kiln wares established under Emperor Huizong's patronage. The second commissioned Royal vase presents an off-white body that transitions to a brownish hue post-firing, measuring approximately 9 1/8 inches in height. This artifact is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Wares associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Ribbed Flower Bud Vase Featuring Ring Handles from the Imperial Ru Kiln of the Northern Song Dynasty

The distinguished Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Ribbed Flower Bud Vase with Ring Handles is esteemed as one of the preeminent examples of celadon ceramics produced in China. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the artistry and opulence characteristic of the period. Its pale celadon glaze is both rich and smooth, incorporating Rare Blue Crushed Agate into the glaze composition. The agate inclusions can be observed through a 20x loupe or microscope, as demonstrated in the accompanying microscopic photographs adjacent to each piece. The utilization of Rare Crushed Blue Agate is a defining feature of all wares from the Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln under Emperor Huizong’s patronage. Furthermore, the Second Commissioned Royal Ribbed Flower Bud Vase presents an off-white body that has acquired an iron brown tint post-firing. This Vase measures approximately 11 5/8 inches in height and is one of the surviving examples from the Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln collection associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Meiping Vase from the Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln 
of the Northern Song Dynasty

The esteemed second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Meiping Vase is recognized as one of the most exquisite examples of celadon wares ever produced in China. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the artistry and luxury of the era. The Pale Celadon Meiping Vase features a remarkable glaze that is both rich and smooth, incorporating Rare Blue Crushed Agate within the glaze composition. The presence of these agate specks can be discerned through a 20x loupe or microscope, as illustrated in the accompanying microscopic photographs adjacent to each piece's image. The use of Rare Crushed Blue Agate is a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares developed under Emperor Huizong's patronage. The second Commissioned Royal Meiping Vase showcases an off-white body that has taken on a brownish hue post-firing. This vase stands at approximately 7 3/4 inches in height and is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Commissioned Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln 
Square Vase with Trumpet Mouth

This esteemed second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Square Vase features exquisite adornments of blossoms, bamboo, flowers, and lotus. It is part of a distinguished collection representing the most luxurious celadon wares ever produced in China. These exceptional pieces were crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court. The celadon vase is notable for its remarkable glaze, characterized by a rich, smooth texture enhanced by the inclusion of rare blue crushed agate within the glaze composition. This unique feature can be readily observed with a 20x loupe or microscope, where the specks of agate become evident, as illustrated in the accompanying microscopic photographs of each piece. The use of rare crushed blue agate was a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares developed under the auspices of Emperor Huizong. The second Commissioned Royal Vase has an off-white body that transforms to a brownish hue upon firing. This remarkable vase stands approximately 9 1/8 inches tall and originates from the surviving collection of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Three-Leg Burner from the Second Commission of the Northern Song Dynasty

This distinguished Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Burner stands as a pinnacle of luxury and craftsmanship within the realm of celadon ware, renowned for its exceptional artistry. Specifically crafted for Emperor Huizong and his esteemed court, this Three Leg Burner exemplifies the highest standards of celadon ceramics ever developed in China. The Burner is adorned with an exquisite glaze, celebrated for its rich texture and smooth finish, which is further enhanced by the incorporation of rare crushed blue agate within the glaze composition. This distinctive feature can be examined under magnification, revealing visible specks of agate as depicted in the accompanying microscopic imagery, observable using a 20x loupe or microscope. It is important to note that the inclusion of rare crushed blue agate is a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares commissioned during the era of Emperor Huizong. The body of this exceptional Burner is characterized by an off-white hue that transitions to a brown post-firing, reflecting the unique properties of the materials employed. With an approximate height of 9 1/4 inches, this piece constitutes a valued addition to the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong’s enduring legacy of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln artifacts. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal 
Ru-Kiln Cong Vase with Stand

This esteemed Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Cong on Stand Vase represents a pinnacle of luxury and craftsmanship in celadon ware, a category noted for its exquisite artistry. Created exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the most refined celadon ceramics ever produced in China. The vase features a stunning glaze, notable for its rich texture and smooth finish, enhanced by the inclusion of rare crushed blue agate within the glaze formula. This distinctive characteristic can be observed under magnification, such as through a 20x loupe or microscope, with visible specks of agate captured in the accompanying microscopic imagery. It is worth noting that the use of rare crushed blue agate is a signature element in all Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. The body of this particular vase is off-white in hue, transitioning to a brownish tone post-firing—a testament to the unique properties of the materials used. Measuring approximately 7.5 inches in height, this piece forms part of the surviving collection from Emperor Huizong's storied hoard of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln artifacts. ppjrs

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Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty: Oval Form Featuring Tubular Handles, Second Commissioned

This distinguished Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Vase, noted for its elegant oval shape and distinctive tube handles, represents one of the finest examples of celadon pottery in the rich tradition of Chinese craftsmanship. Commissioned specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this rich celadon vase is remarkable for its opulent glaze, which is not only aesthetically pleasing but also exceptionally smooth to the touch. Notably, the glaze incorporates rare crushed blue agate, a unique characteristic that can be examined in detail using a 20x loupe or microscope, providing insight into the distinctive fragments of agate, as illustrated in the accompanying microscopic imagery along with photographs of the vase. The presence of crushed blue agate is a signature element of all Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln wares commissioned during Emperor Huizong's reign. The second commissioned royal vase features an off-white body that developed an iron-brownish hue after firing. This exceptional artifact stands approximately 8 1/2 inches in height and is part of the esteemed collection of surviving Northern Song Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln wares attributed to Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Vase with Phoenix Handle from the Northern Song Dynasty's Imperial Royal Ru Kiln

This exceptional Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln Phoenix Handle Vase stands as a testament to the grandeur of Chinese ceramic artistry. It is part of a distinguished collection of celadon wares renowned for their elegance and luxurious quality, specifically crafted for Emperor Huizong and his esteemed court. This particular celadon vase boasts a strikingly rich and smooth glaze, enhanced by the incorporation of Rare Blue Crushed Agate within the glaze formulation. This unique feature is readily observable through a 20x loupe or microscope, where one can discern the specks of agate evident in the accompanying microscopic images alongside the vase’s photographs. The use of Rare Crushed Blue Agate is a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru Kiln wares commissioned during Emperor Huizong's reign. The Second Commissioned Royal Vase exhibits an off-white body that transforms to a warm brownish hue post-firing. With a height of approximately 9 5/8 inches, this piece is a notable example from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-kiln wares. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty Featuring Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Design with Four Lug Handles

We present a highly esteemed Second Commissioned Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Four-Lug Handle Vase. This exquisite Pale Celadon Vase features a remarkable glaze characterized by a rich, smooth texture, enhanced by the incorporation of rare crushed blue agate within the glaze formulation. This vase is part of an elite collection of celadon wares, recognized as among the most elegant and luxurious ever produced in China, specifically crafted for Emperor Huizong and his court. The distinctive glaze can be observed under magnification, with a 20x loupe or microscope, revealing the specks of agate in the accompanying microscopic images provided alongside each piece’s photographs. The use of rare crushed blue agate has been a hallmark of all Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln wares developed during Emperor Huizong's reign. This particular Second Commissioned Royal Vase possesses an off-white body that presents a subtle brownish hue following the firing process. The vase stands approximately 8 1/8 inches tall and originates from the surviving collection of Northern Song Dynasty Official Imperial Royal Ru-Kiln Wares assembled by Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Highly Important Second Commissioned Official Northern Song Dynasty Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Flower Bud Vase, That Has Solid Silver Bands Around Lip And Foot Ring With Solid Gold Mark On Base

**Concise Overview of an Exceptionally Significant Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Flower Bud Vase** This esteemed Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln Flower Bud Vase epitomizes a rare and profoundly significant example of Ru ware. It features solid silver bands exhibiting substantial corrosion, characterized by a notable black tarnish, at both the lip and foot ring. Uniquely, it stands as the sole known instance of Second Commissioned Ru ware bearing a solid gold mark on its base. The integration of crushed blue agate within the pale celadon glaze represents a distinctive characteristic exclusive to Official Royal Imperial Ru pieces crafted for Emperor Huizong and his court. Measuring 9 1/8 inches in height, this vase displays a refined, harmonious silhouette. The exceptional crushed blue agate is most effectively appreciated through a 20x loupe or microscopic imaging, which reveals the agate specks embedded within the glazed surface. The body of the vase presents an off-white coloration with a subtle brownish tint resulting from the firing process. This remarkable artifact is derived from the remnants of Emperor Huizong's esteemed collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Rams Head Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty, Featuring Imperial Ru-Ware 

This prestigious second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln ram's head vase is a distinguished example of the most exquisite celadon wares produced in China. Crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the pinnacle of luxury and elegance. The ram's head vase features an exceptional celadon glaze characterized by its rich texture and smooth finish, incorporating subtle crackle patterns. Additionally, the glaze contains crushed agate, a detail that can be observed under magnification of 20x, as illustrated in the accompanying microscopic photographs. The use of crushed blue agate is a rare attribute reserved solely for Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed during Emperor Huizong's reign. Furthermore, the vase showcases fire gilding over a silver band along the rim, which has sustained significant corrosion. The fire gilding on the silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The vase's body is off-white in hue, exhibiting a brownish tint following the firing process. Standing at an impressive 9 inches tall, this remarkable piece is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Northern Song Dynasty Royal Imperial 
Ru-Ware Vase Featuring Elephant Handles 

This esteemed second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln vase, featuring intricate elephant handles, is part of a distinguished collection representing the pinnacle of elegant celadon craftsmanship produced in China. These exquisite wares were crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his imperial court. The vase showcases a remarkable celadon glaze that is notably rich and smooth to the touch, exhibiting a subtle crackle along with faint lines. Notably, the glaze mix incorporates crushed agate, observable under a 20x loupe, as demonstrated in the accompanying microscopic images that highlight the agate specks present in each photo of the piece. This use of crushed agate is unique to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed during Emperor Huizong's reign. Furthermore, the vase features a fire-gilded silver band along the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The body of this second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Vase is off-white, having developed a brownish hue post-firing. This remarkable artifact stands at a height of 8 7/8 inches and originates from the surviving hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Dragon Vase of Ru-Ware from the 
Northern Song Dynasty

**Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Dragon Vase: A Prestigious Example of Celadon Artistry** The Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Kiln Dragon Vase represents an exceptional category of celadon wares, renowned for their sophistication and opulence, particularly crafted for Emperor Huizong and his court. This vase features a remarkable celadon glaze, characterized by its rich, smooth texture and subtle crackle, alongside the incorporation of crushed agate in the glaze mixture, observable through a 20x loupe, as well as in the accompanying microscopic photographs. The use of crushed agate is exclusive to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. The vase is adorned with a fire-gilded band over silver at the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The body of this Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Vase is off-white, acquiring a brownish hue post-firing. This remarkable piece stands at 8 5/8 inches tall and is part of the surviving collection of Song Dynasty Imperial Ru-Ware from the era of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Imperial Ru-Ware Tiger Vase from 
the Northern Song Dynasty  

This exceptional Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln tiger vase is part of a distinguished collection of celadon wares, recognized as some of the most opulent and refined ceramics ever produced in China. These exquisite pieces were crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court. The tiger vase features a remarkable celadon glaze characterized by its rich texture and smooth finish, exhibiting subtle crackle and distinctive lines. The addition of crushed rare blue agate in the glaze mixture is discernible when examined with a 20x loupe, and microscopic images reveal specks of agate throughout the porcelain. This unique use of blue crushed agate is a hallmark of all Official Royal Imperial Ru wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. Furthermore, the vase is adorned with a fire-gilded silver band at the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The off-white body of the vase has taken on a brownish hue due to the firing process. Standing at a height of 8 1/2 inches, this remarkable piece is a representation of the surviving treasures belonging to Emperor Huizong's collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Vase with Dragon Handles from the Northern Song Dynasty

This exceptionally rarified Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln dragon-handled vase is recognized among the finest and most luxurious celadon wares ever produced in China. Crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the pinnacle of imperial craftsmanship. It features a remarkable celadon glaze characterized by its rich texture, smooth finish, and subtle crackling, indicative of the skilled artisanship involved. Notably, crushed agate has been incorporated into the glaze mixture, which can be observed under a 20x loupe. Microscopic photographs accompanying each piece further illuminate the specks of agate embedded within the glaze. The use of crushed blue agate is distinctive to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. Additionally, the vase is adorned with a fire-gilded silver band around the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The body of the vase exhibits an off-white hue that has developed a brownish tint post-firing. This dragon-handled vase stands at an impressive height of 9 1/4 inches and belongs to the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware from the reign of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Double Fish Vase 
of the Northern Song Dynasty

This exceptionally valued 2nd Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln double fish vase is part of an exclusive collection representing the pinnacle of luxurious celadon ceramics produced in China. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his esteemed court, this vase exemplifies the sophistication of the era. The vase is adorned with a striking celadon glaze, characterized by its rich texture and smooth finish, exhibiting subtle crackle patterns. A meticulous examination with a 20x loupe reveals the incorporation of crushed agate within the glaze, evidenced by the visible specks of agate documented in the accompanying microscopic photographs. Notably, crushed blue agate was uniquely utilized in all Official Royal Imperial wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. Additionally, the vase features a fire-gilded silver band along the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The body of this 2nd Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Vase is an off-white tone that developed a brownish hue post-firing. This remarkable double fish vase stands at a height of 9 1/4 inches and is a significant artifact from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware. ppjrs

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Second-Commissioned Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru-Ware 
Vase with Wavy Rim

This distinguished 2nd Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln wavy rim vase is among the most exquisite celadon wares ever produced in China. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this piece exemplifies the luxury and elegance of the era. The vase features a remarkable celadon glaze that is rich and smooth to the touch, characterized by a subtle crackle and fine lines. Notably, the incorporation of crushed agate within the glaze mixture reveals itself under magnification—visible through a 20x loupe and illustrated in accompanying microscopic photographs. This unique use of crushed blue agate is a hallmark of all Official Royal Imperial Ru wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. Additionally, the vase is adorned with fire-gilded silver bands along the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands have pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the band. The body of this 2nd Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Vase is off-white, having developed a brownish hue following the firing process. The vase stands at an impressive 9 1/4 inches tall and is a rare remnant of Emperor Huizong’s surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Ware Double Gourd Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty

This esteemed second commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln double gourd vase is among the most exquisite examples of celadon wares ever produced in China. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the elegance and luxury associated with the era. The vase is characterized by its remarkable celadon glaze, which exhibits a rich and smooth texture, featuring a subtle crackle effect and faint lines. Notably, crushed agate was integrated into the glaze mixture, observable under a 20x loupe, and additional microscopic imagery further illustrates the presence of agate specks throughout the surface. The inclusion of crushed agate is a distinguishing feature exclusive to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong. Furthermore, the vase's rim is adorned with fire-gilded silver band. The fire gilding on silver bands have pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The vase itself boasts an off-white body that has developed a brownish hue following the firing process. Standing at 9 ¼ inches tall, this remarkable double gourd vase is a valued artifact from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Vase with Lion Handle from the Northern Song 
Dynasty's Imperial Ru Ware

This esteemed second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-kiln vase, adorned with lion handles, represents a pinnacle of luxurious celadon wares produced in China. Crafted exclusively for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vessel exemplifies the refinement of the era's ceramics. The vase features a remarkable celadon glaze characterized by its rich, smooth texture, complemented by subtle crackling and fine lines. A deliberate addition of crushed agate within the glaze mixture is visible under magnification, revealing distinctive specks of agate in the accompanying microscopic photography alongside each piece. Notably, crushed blue agate was uniquely utilized in all Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed during Emperor Huizong's reign. Additionally, the lion handles vase is embellished with fire-gilded silver band around the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands have pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. The body of the second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Vase has an off-white hue that has developed a brownish tint post-firing. Standing at 9 1/4 inches tall, this exceptional piece is part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Second Commissioned Vase from the Imperial Ru-Ware Workshop 
of the Northern Song Dynasty

This distinguished second commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru kiln plant vase is a notable representative of the exquisite celadon wares produced in China, renowned for their elegance and luxurious qualities. Crafted specifically for Emperor Huizong and his court, this vase exemplifies the exceptional artistry characteristic of that era. The vase boasts a remarkable celadon glaze, which is both rich and smooth to the touch, displaying slight crackle patterns indicative of expert craftsmanship. Upon closer examination with a 20x loupe, one can observe the subtle incorporation of crushed agate within the glaze, as evidenced in the accompanying microscopic photographs. This use of crushed blue agate is a defining feature of all Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under Emperor Huizong's patronage. Additionally, the plant vase is adorned with fire-gilded silver band along the rim. The fire gilding on silver bands have pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. revealing a thick, black patina. The body of the vase, initially an off-white hue, has taken on a brownish tone post-firing, a testament to its historical journey. Standing at a height of 8 5/8 inches, this piece is part of the surviving collection of North Song Imperial Ru Ware from Emperor Huizong's era. ppjrs

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An Analysis of Royal Imperial Ru Ware Commissioned and Collected by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty During the Northern Song Period. ppjrs

Ancient Treasures: Ru Kiln Secrets Revealed!

Emperor Huizong reigned from 1100 to 1126, during which time he abdicated in favor of his son. He is renowned for his advocacy of Taoism and is celebrated for his exceptional talents in poetry, painting, calligraphy, and music. However, his Northern Song Empire ultimately succumbed to the advancing Jin armies, leading to his capture in 1127. Huizong died in captivity in 1135, having transitioned from the status of the world's wealthiest individual to that of a diminished man. After his death, his extensive collections were meticulously consolidated and preserved in large wooden crates, enduring through time. 

Since China's opening in the 1990s, various historical collections have entered the marketplace. Notably, my collection of Imperial Ru ware originates from Emperor Huizong's personal assemblage. During his tenure, he commissioned the Ru Kiln to produce wares specifically for himself and his court, recognizing it as the foremost source of Imperial tribute wares. The tribute wares produced by the Ru Kiln during this era were distinguished by their remarkable quality, often devoid of defects. To further enhance their uniqueness, these wares incorporated a variety of colors and featured fire-gilded bands on the rims, occasionally on the bases. The gilding technique utilized gold and mercury, a method that has not been employed since the mid-1800s due to safety concerns. The intricacies of the fire gilded bands display complex corrosion patterns of cuprite and malachite, natural phenomena that are exceedingly difficult to replicate in laboratory settings. Established research underscores the challenges associated with the transformation from metal to cuprite to malachite, with most synthetic formulas failing to replicate malachite atop cuprite layers, thereby providing validation for the authenticity of such artifacts. 

This innovation inspired other kilns to adopt similar techniques, incorporating fire-gilded bands in their tribute wares. Before the Ru Kiln attained its designation as the official Imperial kiln, its production primarily consisted of small wares that exhibited sporadic crackling and spur marks due to the firing process on stilts. Many of these pieces contained imperfections, resulting in the destruction of severely flawed items and the sale of lesser-quality wares to the public at reduced prices. Such flawed wares frequently appear in auctions conducted by Sotheby's and Christie's and are often showcased in museums housing Ru ware collections. Higher-quality pieces were sold at premium prices to affluent merchants. The finest wares were presented as tribute to Emperor Huizong, who received extravagant offerings from various kilns. Recognizing the demand for superior quality wares, Emperor Huizong designated the Ru Kiln as the first official Royal Imperial kiln in China.

His objective was to create wares that were distinctive and specifically intended for himself and his court. He sought pieces that echoed the historical celadon wares, aiming for a jade-like aesthetic reminiscent of Korean Koryo ceramics. After reviewing prototype pieces, he insisted on eliminating spur marks by firing the wares flat in the kiln with unglazed foot rings. Furthermore, he mandated the incorporation of rare blue crushed agate into the glaze, a feature unique to the official Royal Imperial wares commissioned by him. The initially commissioned wares displayed a grayish biscuit that transitioned to brown post-firing, with some pieces bearing inscriptions. These wares featured distinctive crack ice crackles. Emphasizing size and simplicity, these pieces were larger than previous tribute wares and showcased refined forms, such as trumpet-shaped mouths. Despite occasional flaws during the firing process, these Royal Imperial wares were exclusively designated for the Emperor and his court. As the official Imperial kiln, the Ru Kiln's focus was solely on producing wares for the Emperor and his court. Huizong appreciated the intrinsic beauty of these often flawed and simplistic pieces, recognizing their individuality akin to human character. 

However, some of his advisors sought more visually appealing wares. Consequently, he tasked the Ru Kiln with creating the most exquisite celadon wares ever produced in China, emphasizing elegance and luxury in design. The second series of official Royal Imperial wares manifested in various celadon hues, adorned with rich glazes that seamlessly integrated rare blue crushed agate. Unlike the initial batch, these wares were meticulously crafted and largely free from prior defects, with exquisite forms and flat-fired unglazed foot rings. Selected special wares featured gilded copper or silver bands, enhancing their opulent appearance. Importantly, all second commissioned official Royal Imperial wares lacked specific markings. It must be emphasized that wares produced before the Ru Kiln’s designation as the official Imperial kiln do not contain agate in their glazes. Certain auction houses and museums mistakenly claim the presence of crushed agate in these earlier wares, fabricating narratives that assert its dissipation during the firing process. This assertion is fundamentally flawed, as agate requires excessively high temperatures for melting—far exceeding the maximum temperatures reached by Song dynasty kilns. Additionally, the practical difficulties associated with crushing agate into a fine powder contribute to the clear visibility of agate traces in authentic Royal Imperial Ru wares. 

I have compiled a significant collection of Ru and Ju wares, artifacts that have remained largely concealed since the decline of the Northern Song Dynasty. The Qianlong Emperor's collection predominantly comprised flawed merchant wares developed before the Ru Kiln's establishment as the official Royal Imperial kiln. It is only since the 20th century and the reopening of China that many fine pieces, once obscured from view, have entered the marketplace. This narrative seeks to illuminate the complexities surrounding Ru and Ju Kiln wares in the context of Emperor Huizong's reign. For many years, scholars and collectors have relied on pieces from the Qianlong Emperor's collection; while aesthetically appealing, they do not accurately represent the authentic Royal Imperial Ru and Ju wares commissioned by Huizong for himself and his court. 

In the aftermath of the Jin Army's incursion into the Northern Song Dynasty, workers from the Imperial Royal Kiln sought refuge in the southern region, with many likely contributing their skills to the Imperial Guan Kilns, while others joined the Longquan Kiln. Notably, this lineage accounts for the visual similarities observed between certain Longquan pieces and the second commissioned Royal Ru Kiln wares, although the Longquan products lack the characteristic crushed agate present in the latter's glazes.

Please examine all the information, photos, microscopic photos, that prove my conclusion.

The Ru-Wares Represent the First Commissioned Official Imperial Ceramics within China's Historical Context.

The first commissioned Royal Imperial Ru ware is thoroughly documented in historical texts, which indicate that Emperor Huizong instructed the Ru/ Ju Kiln to produce celadon wares characterized by modesty, understated elegance, and a deliberate simplicity that evokes a sense of antiquity. Notably, these initially commissioned Royal Imperial wares incorporated Rare Blue Crushed Agate into the glaze formulation. This can be discerned through the use of a 20x loupe, and microscopic photographs reveal the distinctive specks of agate found in each piece. The use of crushed agate is exclusive to the Official Royal Imperial Ru wares developed under Emperor Huizong's patronage. These early commissioned wares exhibit a variety of unique forms previously unseen, showcasing the remarkable skill and artistry of the Ru kiln artisans. The foot rings of all first official Ru wares remain unglazed. Additionally, each piece features a fine, cracked ice crackle in the glaze, with interior glazing also present. Many of these wares have marks inscribed on the bases, often inscribed, and the vases typically feature trumpet-shaped mouths, distinguished by their larger dimensions compared to merchant and tribute wares. The first commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru wares are crafted from an ash-colored biscuit that transforms to brown upon firing. Furthermore, each piece exhibits the signature fine cracked ice crackle in the glaze, maintaining consistent interior glazing. Exclusively produced for the Emperor and his court, these wares reflect Emperor Huizong's appreciation for beauty in simplicity. He regarded each piece as an artwork, embracing any imperfections, which ultimately remained within the court as evidence of his vision's fulfillment. An illustrative close-up of a first commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru vase depicts a droplet of glaze adhering to the foot ring, highlighting chips of Rare Blue Agate within the glaze. The accompanying ancient writings affirm the historical significance of these pieces as the legendary Official Royal Imperial wares commissioned by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. ppjrs

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Tribute ware is typically small, characterized by its fire-gilded copper bands, which exhibit corrosion patterns of cuprite and malachite. These distinctive features serve as reliable indicators of their age, often considered more authentic than thermoluminescence (TL) tests, earning the trust of experts in the field for authenticity verification. The production of tribute wares involves a glazing process that encompasses the entire surface. Notably, the pieces are fired on setters equipped with prongs to elevate the items above the kiln floor, resulting in spur marks on the base that are approximately the size and shape of sesame seeds. The glaze on tribute wares is smooth and showcases no inclusion of crushed agate in the glaze. It is important to note that the presence of crushed blue agate in the glaze is exclusive to Commissioned Official Royal Imperial wares. Typically, tribute wares feature either an off-white or ash-colored biscuit, representing the finest quality merchant wares that were adorned with fire-gilded copper bands and presented as tribute to Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Sotheby's sold these two Flawed Northern Song Dynasty Ru Ware brush washers in Hong Kong. Now Christie's has sold a flawed Ru Ware Tea Bowl in Hong Kong. They should return the money

Second Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru-Wares Represent the Pinnacle of Celadon Production in China.

The Ru Kiln was commissioned to produce the exquisite second series of official Royal Imperial Celadon wares for Emperor Huizong and his court. These wares are characterized by their elegance, luxury, and aesthetic beauty, surpassing both merchant and tribute wares in refinement and size, while consistently showcasing a distinctive celadon hue. Notably, all pieces from this second series are infused with rare crushed blue agate within their glaze, an element observable through a 20x loupe, as evident in the microscopic photographs accompanying each piece. The use of crushed blue agate is exclusive to the Official Imperial Ru wares developed during Emperor Huizong’s reign. Furthermore, these second commissioned Royal Imperial wares exhibit a variety of unique forms that underscore the exceptional craftsmanship of the Ru kiln. The foot rings of these wares are unglazed and were intentionally fired flat within the kiln. Two vases feature fire gilding over copper bands exhibiting corrosion from cuprite and malachite, which serves as a reliable indicator of the artifact's age, more credible than thermoluminescence (TL) tests and widely acknowledged by experts to verify authenticity—an attribute that is impossible to replicate. It is important to note that all second-commissioned Royal Imperial wares are unmarked. They possess an off-white biscuit that transitions to a brownish tone post-firing. The wares exhibit a rich, smooth glaze with no crackling, while some pieces feature fire gilding over copper bands, and those without bands likewise maintain a flawless glaze. The vase displayed, adorned with a gilded silver band, shows minimal cracking, restricted to a few fine lines. The gilded silver band, exhibiting a darker celadon glaze enhanced with rare blue crushed agate, is visible under magnification. The fire gilding on silver bands has pores in the gild, allowing tarnish to seep through the pores, resulting in pronounced black corrosion on the bands. ppjrs

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Ru-Kiln merchant wares are distinguished by their fine quality; however, they are primarily positioned in the market for affluent merchants, while items with imperfections are made available to the broader public at substantially lower prices.

 The three Ru Kiln pieces displayed are examples of Merchant wares. Previously, the only known specimens of such wares were those collected by the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing Dynasty. However, following China's integration into the global market, numerous exquisite pieces and collections that had been concealed have now become accessible. Merchant wares are typically smaller than Commissioned Royal Imperial wares and exhibit complete glazing, including the foot ring. These items were fired using setters equipped with prongs, which elevated the pieces above the kiln floor. Consequently, they display spur marks that are approximately the size and shape of sesame seeds—distinctive traits that are exclusive to merchant and tribute wares. It is important to note that merchant wares lack the refinement of tribute wares, as the most exquisite examples were adorned with fire-gilded copper bands and presented to Emperor Huizong as tribute. ppjrs

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