Northern Song Dynasty Ru Kiln Tribute Wares

The fine art collector specializing in Chinese ancient Ru ware acknowledges the significance of the fire-gilded bands that adorn the rims and bases of these exquisite pieces. These bands, crafted over copper, display a distinct layer of cuprite beneath the malachite, which can be identified using a jeweler’s loupe. This unique formation process spans several centuries, particularly notable in instances of fire gilding applied to these tribute pieces. Dating back approximately nine hundred years, these artifacts exhibit specific corrosion patterns that unequivocally attest to their considerable age. The initial corrosion product formed on ancient fire-gilded copper is cuprite, characterized by its rich oxblood hue. Layered over the cuprite, one may observe malachite, a vibrant green mineral that is easily distinguishable by the naked eye on the fire-gilded bands. Following this, a third layer—azurite—commonly develops, presenting as a striking blue mineral often found on Chinese ancient bronzes. To ascertain the authenticity of a piece as a genuine Chinese artifact, a straightforward inspection method exists, which is virtually impossible to replicate. If azurite is scratched, malachite should be present beneath, and similarly, a subsequent scratch of the malachite layer must reveal cuprite underneath. It is crucial to note that azurite cannot exist independently; it necessitates the presence of malachite for its formation, which itself is contingent upon existing cuprite. This fundamental principle holds true without exception, particularly for items composed of copper, as bronze itself is predominantly a copper alloy.

Tribute wares are typically characterized by their small size and the presence of fire gilding over copper bands. These bands exhibit cuprite and malachite corrosion, which serves as a reliable indicator of age, often considered more trustworthy than thermoluminescence (TL) tests for verifying the authenticity of artifacts. Esteemed experts in the field uniformly recognize this corrosion as an unambiguous indicator that cannot be easily replicated. These wares are fully glazed and are fired using setters equipped with prongs designed to elevate the pieces above the kiln floor. The prongs leave distinctive spur marks on the base, approximately the size and shape of sesame seeds. Tribute wares exhibit a notably smooth glaze and are devoid of crushed agate stone, distinguishing them from the Official Imperial Royal wares commissioned and developed under the auspices of Chinese Emperor Huizong, which prominently feature crushed agate in their glaze. Typically, Tribute Wares have either an off-white or ash-colored biscuit and demonstrate a level of refinement surpassing that of merchant wares. Historical records indicate that all Ru wares cataloged in museums and collections lack agate in their glaze. The assertion that agate cannot be observed due to melting is misleading; the documented pieces in these institutions frequently represent imperfect merchant wares, whereas only Official Royal Imperial wares authentically contain agate in their glaze, a detail verifiable under magnification with a 20x loupe.  

Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Cup with 
Grayish Celadon Glaze

This exceptional Northern Song Dynasty Ru-ware cup, distinguished by its refined grayish celadon glaze, was meticulously designed as a tribute vessel for the Emperor and his court. The cup is elegantly enhanced with fire-gilded copper bands around both the rim and the base. Signs of age are evident through slightly cleaned reddish cuprite and greenish malachite corrosion, which are deemed more reliable than thermoluminescence (TL) testing for the authentication of such artifacts. These characteristics are widely recognized by scholars as definitive indicators of authenticity, making replication virtually impossible. The cup features a greenish-gray glaze with subtle green undertones, complemented by a delicate network of fine crackling. Its surface is smooth and free of agate in the glaze mix, showcasing impressed lotus leaf motifs that gracefully encircle the body. Moreover, the base exhibits five-minute spur marks resembling sesame seeds, which reflect the craftsmanship of the period. The dimensions of the cup are approximately 5 3/8 inches in height and 4 1/4 inches in diameter. This significant piece, part of the surviving

collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Tribute Ru ware exemplifies the artistry and refinement characteristic of

this illustrious era.  ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Cong Vase with Olive Green Glaze from the 
Northern Song Dynasty 

We are pleased to present an exceptionally fine and meticulously crafted Northern Song Dynasty Ru-ware celadon glaze Cong Form vase. This esteemed artifact was created as a tribute to the Emperor and his Court. The vase features a fire-gilded copper band around the rim and, despite a thorough cleaning, retains remnants of layered reddish cuprite and greenish malachite corrosion. These characteristics serve as definitive indicators of its significant age, providing more reliable evidence of authenticity than a thermoluminescence (TL) test—a standard utilized by experts to ascertain the genuineness of artifacts, thus establishing that it cannot be forged. The Cong vase exhibits a darker olive green glaze and displays an intricate, fine crackle. The glaze possesses a smooth texture and is free from any agate in the glaze. The bottom of the vase is marked by five-minute spur marks, reminiscent of sesame seeds. This exquisite piece stands approximately 7 1/4 inches in height and originates from the surviving hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Northern Song Dynasty Olive Green Glaze Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute 
Lobed Narcissus Bowl

Presenting an exceptionally refined N. Song Dynasty Ru-ware olive green glaze lobed Narcissus bowl, meticulously crafted and historically significant. This exquisite brush washer was produced as an offering to the Emperor and his Court, featuring a fire-gilded copper band encircling the rim. Accompanying microscopic photographs confirm the absence of agate in the glaze, while the gilded copper band displays visible cuprite and malachite corrosion. Such analyses provide a more reliable assessment of age than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and are widely accepted by experts in the field as definitive proof of authenticity, making it resistant to forgery. The olive green glaze is characterized by a delicate crackle pattern and a smooth texture, further affirming its quality. The base of the bowl features six minuscule spur marks reminiscent of sesame seeds. The Narcissus bowl measures approximately 7 1/4 inches in length and is a remarkable remnant from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong’s N. Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Beaker Vase with Olive Green Glaze 
from the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exquisitely crafted Northern Song Dynasty Ru-ware celadon glaze vase represents a remarkable tribute to the Emperor and his court. The vase features meticulously applied fire-gilded copper bands around both the rim and base, which exhibit evidence of slight cleaning, alongside layered corrosion consisting of reddish cuprite and greenish malachite. Accompanying microscopic photographs substantiate that the glaze is devoid of agate, while also revealing visible corrosion on the gilded copper bands. This empirical evidence offers a more reliable indication of the vase’s authenticity than a TL test, a methodology recognized by experts in the field. The vase is characterized by a subtle bluish-gray glaze with a distinctive greenish hue and an exquisite, fine crackle finish. The smooth texture of the glaze further confirms the absence of agate. Additionally, the bottom of the vase displays five-minute spur marks akin to the size of sesame seeds. Measuring approximately 6 1/4 inches in height, this piece is an exquisite remnant of Emperor Huizong's renowned collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Olive Green Glazed Brush Washer from 
the Northern Song Dynasty

This exceptionally crafted N. Song Dynasty Ru-ware brush washer, characterized by its olive green glaze, exemplifies the artistry associated with imperial tribute ware. Designed explicitly for the Emperor and his Court, this brush washer features a fire-gilded copper band encircling the rim, which has undergone minimal cleaning and exhibits corrosion in the form of layered reddish cuprite and greenish malachite. Accompanying microscopic analysis has conclusively demonstrated the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band reveals discernible cuprite and malachite corrosion—indicators of its considerable age and more reliable than thermoluminescence testing for authenticating artifacts, thus assuring that it cannot be replicated. The piece boasts an olive green glaze with a refined crackle finish, and the glaze itself presents a smooth texture, affirming the absence of agate. Additionally, the underside of the brush washer features five diminutive spur marks, each approximately the size of a sesame seed. The dimensions of this notable artifact are approximately 7 inches in diameter. This particular brush washer is a significant remnant of Emperor Huizong's collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Vase with Tiger Handles Featuring Pale Celadon

Glaze from the Northern Song Dynasty

This exquisitely crafted Song Dynasty pale celadon glaze Ru ware vase, featuring a distinctive tiger handle, is a remarkable tribute vase originally intended for the Emperor and his Court. The vase is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands around both the rim and the base, exhibiting notable corrosion characterized by reddish cuprite and greenish botryoidal malachite. Microscopic analysis corroborates the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band reveals significant cuprite and malachite corrosion, further affirming the piece's considerable age. This method of authentication surpasses the reliability of thermoluminescence (TL) testing and is a standard practice employed by experts in the field to verify the legitimacy of artifacts, as such features cannot be imitated. The vase is distinguished by its pale celadon glaze, which presents a refined crackle and a smooth texture, devoid of any agate in glaze mix. The underside of the vase showcases five minute spur marks, each approximately the size of a sesame seed. With an approximate height of 6 ¾ inches, this exceptional piece hails from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong’s North Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Vase with Pale Celadon Glaze from the 
Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally fine Ru-ware vase, characterized by its exquisite pale celadon glaze, originates from the Northern Song Dynasty and is believed to have been crafted as a tribute piece for the Emperor and his Court. The vase is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and the base, which exhibit slight signs of reddish cuprite and greenish malachite corrosion due to the passage of time. Accompanying microscopic photography confirms the absence of agate within the glaze matrix, while the gilded copper bands reveal noticeable cuprite and malachite corrosion—a testament to its considerable antiquity; such evidence is widely considered more reliable than thermoluminescence testing, and is utilized by experts in the field to ascertain the authenticity of artifacts, as it cannot be easily replicated. The vase features a delicate pale celadon glaze that showcases fine crackle patterns, and the surface retains a notably smooth texture. Additionally, the base of the vase exhibits five minute spur marks, roughly the size of sesame seeds. The overall height of this remarkable piece is approximately 7 inches. This vase is an important relic from the surviving collection of Ru ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Beaker Vase with Pale Celadon Glaze

from the Northern Song Dynasty

This exceptionally crafted N. Song Dynasty pale celadon glaze Ru-ware vase exemplifies the artistry of its time. Thought to be a tribute piece for the Emperor and his Court, this vase is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands at both the rim and base, exhibiting layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and greenish botryoidal malachite. Accompanying microscopic analyses affirm the absence of agate within the glaze, and the presence of visible corrosion on the gilded copper band further substantiates its considerable age, providing a more reliable authentication than thermoluminescence testing. Such criteria are recognized as definitive by experts in the field, as they cannot be replicably produced. The vase features a pale celadon glaze that displays a refined crackle pattern and a remarkably smooth texture, reaffirming the absence of agate. The base of the vase displays three minute spur marks, akin to sesame seeds in size. Measuring approximately 4.5 inches in height, this remarkable artifact is part of the surviving collection associated with Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Vase with Foliated Rim from the Northern

Song Dynasty Featuring Pale Celadon Glaze

**Exquisite N. Song Dynasty Pale Celadon Glaze Ru-Ware Vase with Foliate Rim** This remarkable Ru-ware vase, produced during the Northern Song Dynasty, was created as a tribute piece for the Emperor and his court. The vase features fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and base, which exhibit a distinctive layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite. Accompanying microscopic analysis has verified the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band reveals substantial cuprite and malachite corrosion, providing a reliable indication of the vase’s considerable age. This methodology exceeds the reliability of thermoluminescence (TL) testing and aligns with expert practices for authenticating artifacts, thereby eliminating the possibility of forgery. The vase is adorned with a pale celadon glaze characterized by a subtle greenish hue and a fine crackle pattern, complemented by a smooth texture. Notably, the base of the vase features three diminutive spur marks akin to sesame seeds. Standing at approximately 6 inches tall, this exceptional piece hails from the surviving collection of N. Song Imperial Ru ware belonging to Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Vase Featuring Pale Celadon Glaze, Mallet Form, Northern Song Dynasty

This exquisitely crafted N. Song Dynasty pale celadon glaze Ru-ware vase, featuring a mallet form, exemplifies exceptional artistry and serves as a tribute piece for the Emperor and his Court. Adorned with a fire-gilded copper band around the rim, the vase has undergone a delicate cleaning, revealing layered reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion. Accompanying microscopic photographs substantiate the absence of agate in the glaze, while the gilded copper band exhibits visible signs of cuprite and malachite corrosion, further affirming its considerable age. This evidence is regarded as more reliable than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and is commonly utilized by experts to authenticate artifacts, ensuring evaluation that cannot be easily replicated. The vase showcases a pale celadon glaze with an elegant, fine crackle and a smooth texture, devoid of agate. The base features five diminutive spur marks, reminiscent of sesame seeds. The vase stands at approximately 8 1/8 inches in height and represents a notable example from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of N. Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Beaker Vase: Sky After Rain Glaze, 
Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally crafted Northern Song Dynasty vase, featuring the sky after rain glaze characteristic of Ru ware, is a tribute piece commissioned for the Emperor and his Court. The vase is elegantly adorned with fire-gilded copper bands along both the rim and the base. Notably, it exhibits a complex layering of reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion, indicative of its notable age. Microscopic examinations confirm the absence of agate in the glaze, while the detailed corrosion patterns on the gilded copper band provide substantial evidence of authenticity, surpassing the reliability of thermoluminescence testing, which is employed by experts in the field. The vase features a bluish-gray glaze with a subtle greenish hue and a finely crackled surface texture. Its bottom is marked by five-minute spur marks, comparable in size to sesame seeds. The vase stands approximately 7 1/8 inches tall. This esteemed artifact originates from the surviving collection of N. Song Imperial Ru ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru Ware Tribute Mallet Form Vase 
Sky After Rain Glaze 

This exquisitely crafted Northern Song Dynasty Ru-ware vase, characterized by its sky-after-rain coloration and mallet form, exemplifies the finest artistry of the period. Created as a tribute piece for the Emperor and his Court, this vase features fire-gilded copper bands adorning both the rim and base. While it has undergone minimal cleaning, it retains traces of layered reddish cuprite and greenish malachite corrosion, which serve as definitive indicators of its remarkable age. Such markers are deemed more reliable than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and are universally recognized by experts as vital for confirming the authenticity of historical artifacts, rendering any attempts at forgery improbable. The vase showcases a bluish-gray glaze with a subtle greenish tint, exhibiting a very fine crackle and a smooth texture without any noticeable agate in the glaze mix. The bottom of the vase displays five-minute spur marks, akin to sesame seeds in size. This exceptional piece stands approximately 6 1/8 inches tall and is a noteworthy survivor from the esteemed hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware gathered under the reign of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Brush Washer Featuring Phoenix Motif from the Northern Song Dynasty: Glazed Sky After Rain Aesthetic 

This exceptionally crafted N. Song Dynasty sky-after-rain glazed Ru-ware brush washer, adorned with a phoenix motif, is a remarkable tribute to the Emperor and his Court. Featuring a fire-gilded copper band around its rim, this brush washer exhibits layered reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion, indicative of its significant age. Microscopic analysis corroborates the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band reveals discernible signs of cuprite and malachite corrosion, providing a more reliable assessment than thermoluminescence (TL) testing. Such markings are utilized by experts to authenticate artifacts, ensuring that this piece cannot be replicated. The brush washer displays a bluish-gray glaze with a subtle greenish hue, complemented by a fine crackle and a smooth texture, reinforcing the absence of agate in the glaze. Additionally, the underside is characterized by seven-minute spur marks, resembling sesame seeds. This exquisite artifact measures approximately 6 3/4 inches in diameter and originates from the surviving hoard of Imperial Ru ware belonging to Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Northern Song Dynasty Celadon Glazed Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Vase in Lobed Beaker Form And Sky After Rainfall Glaze 

This exceptionally fine Northern Song Dynasty vase, showcasing an exquisite potted design with a sky-after-rain glaze, exemplifies the esteemed Imperial Ru-ware tribute lobed beaker form. Crafted specifically as a tribute to the Emperor and his Court, this vase features fire-gilded copper bands adorning both the rim and base. Notably, it exhibits layered reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion, underscoring its historical significance. Microscopic analysis has validated the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band reveals visible cuprite and botryoidal malachite deterioration, further establishing its age. Such evidence is considered more credible than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and is routinely relied upon by experts for authenticating artifacts; its veracity surpasses fabrication attempts. The vase is adorned with a bluish-gray glaze that carries a greenish tint, displaying a delicate crackle characteristic. The glaze texture is notably smooth, reinforcing the absence of agate. The base is marked by five-minute spur marks, each approximately the size of a sesame seed. This remarkable piece measures approximately 6 ¾ inches in height and is a surviving example from the hoard of Emperor Huizong, representing the greatness of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware artistry. ppjrs 

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Northern Song Dynasty Sky After Rain Glaze Imperial Ru Ware 
Tribute Round Mallet-Form Vase 

This exceptionally crafted Ru-ware vase from the Northern Song Dynasty exhibits a round mallet form and is distinguished by its sky-after-rain glaze. Commissioned as a tribute piece for Emperor Huizong and his esteemed court, this vase features fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and base, which display layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite. Detailed microscopic analyses affirm the absence of agate within the glaze, providing definitive evidence of authenticity. Furthermore, the visible corrosion on the gilded copper band serves as a testament to the vase’s considerable age, offering a more reliable measure than thermoluminescence tests, which are often employed by experts to validate artifacts, as they cannot be easily replicated. The vase is adorned with a bluish-gray glaze accentuated by a greenish tint, exhibiting a fine crackle and a smooth texture, devoid of agate. The base of the vase features five minuscule spur marks, reminiscent of sesame seeds. This piece stands approximately 6 7/8 inches tall and is a rare remnant of Emperor Huizong's collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs 

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Sky After Rain Glaze: Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Spittoon Vessel 
from the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally crafted vessel, representing the hallmark of Northern Song Dynasty artistry, features a sky-after-rain glaze and is shaped as a spittoon. Originally commissioned as a tribute item for the Emperor and his court, this Ru ware artifact is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and base, indicative of its noble provenance. The vessel exhibits notable corrosion, characterized by layered reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite, reinforcing its historical significance. Microscopic analysis has confirmed the glaze's authenticity, unequivocally revealing the absence of agate; this is a critical detail upheld by experts in the field. Additionally, the corrosion on the gilded copper band substantiates the vessel's considerable age, serving as a more reliable indicator of authenticity than a thermoluminescence (TL) test. Such characteristics are integral to the careful assessment and verification of artifacts, as they cannot be artificially replicated. The glaze itself showcases a delicate bluish-gray coloration with a subtle greenish tint, complemented by an exceptionally fine crackle. The smooth texture of the glaze further enhances the overall aesthetic appeal. The vessel's base is marked with five diminutive spur marks, each approximately the size of a sesame seed. This distinguished piece has a diameter of approximately 4 3/8 inches and originates from a preserved hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Burner with Red Glaze from the Northern

Song Dynasty 

This exquisitely crafted Northern Song Dynasty Ru-wares red glazed burner, adorned with handles, represents a significant tribute piece intended for the Emperor and his Court. The burner features an elegantly fire-gilded copper band encircling the rim, which exhibits layered reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion, underscoring its historic significance. Accompanying microscopic examinations validate the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band displays distinct cuprite and malachite corrosion, which serve as verifiable indicators of the piece's considerable age and authenticity. Such findings offer a level of reliability surpassing that of thermoluminescence testing and are widely accepted by experts as paramount criteria for authentication, rendering the piece impervious to forgery. The burner exhibits a striking red glaze, complemented by a fine crackle observable under magnification; notably, the glaze possesses a smooth texture and is devoid of agate in the glaze mix. The base of the burner showcases three minute spur marks, akin to sesame seeds in size, bottom an intricately carved tribute mark. With an approximate diameter of 4 3/4 inches, this remarkable artifact is recognized as a remnant from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Bowl of the Northern Song Dynasty: Red

Glaze Edition 

This exceptionally crafted Northern Song Dynasty Ru-ware red-glazed bowl features an impressive design of lotus leaves. Intended as a tribute bowl for the Emperor and his court, it is adorned with fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and base. These bands exhibit layered cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion, indicative of its significant age and authenticity. Accompanying microscopic photographs substantiate the absence of agate within the glaze, a crucial factor in authenticating the piece. The corrosion visible on the gilded copper band further validates its provenance, offering a reliability that surpasses conventional thermoluminescence (TL) testing, a method utilized by experts to establish the authenticity of artifacts. The bowl also displays a fine crackle pattern observable under magnification, while the glaze possesses a smooth texture devoid of agate. Its underside features three diminutive spur marks, approximately the size of sesame seeds. This exceptional piece measures approximately 5 inches in diameter and is part of a surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs

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Northern Song Dynasty Red Glaze Imperial Ru-Ware Tripodal 
Brush Washer for Tribute

This exquisite brush washer, crafted during the Northern Song Dynasty, exemplifies the exquisite artistry characteristic of Ru-ware with its stunning red glaze and meticulous craftsmanship. This particular piece was commissioned as a tribute to the Emperor and his court, underscoring its historical significance. The brush washer features a fire-gilded copper band encircling the elegantly designed rim, which exhibits layers of cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion. Microscopic examinations substantiate the absence of agate in the glaze, while the corrosion visible on the gilded copper band further corroborates its considerable age and authenticity. This evidence is deemed more reliable than thermoluminescence (TL) testing and is the standard utilized by experts for verifying the legitimacy of artifacts, rendering it immune to forgery. The brush washer showcases a richly colored red glaze, exhibiting a fine crackle, discernible only under magnification. The texture of the glaze is notably smooth, with no indications of agate present. The underside of the piece reveals three minute spur marks, akin to sesame seeds, along with a carved tribute mark. This exceptional artifact measures approximately 5 inches in diameter and originates from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru Ware. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru-Ware Brush Washer from the Northern Song Dynasty with Red Glaze: An Expert Evaluation of a Tripod Tribute Artifact 

This exceptionally crafted brush washer, distinguished by its finely potted Ru-ware and striking red glaze, hails from the Northern Song Dynasty. Created as a tribute to the Emperor and his Court, this piece features a fire-gilded copper band encircling the rim, showcasing layers of reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite corrosion. Accompanying microscopic analysis confirms the absence of agate within the glaze, while the gilded copper band exhibits evident cuprite and malachite corrosion, further substantiating its considerable age and authenticity. This method of verification is regarded as more reliable than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and is employed by experts to establish the genuineness of artifacts, as this corrosion pattern cannot be fabricated. The brush washer is adorned with a captivating red glaze that reveals an intricate, fine crackle when examined through a loupe, and its surface maintains a remarkably smooth texture. Additionally, the base features a carved mark, and the underside bears three minuscule spur marks, comparable in size to sesame seeds. This piece measures approximately 5 5/8 inches in diameter and is part of the surviving collection of Ru ware attributed to Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute Bowl from the Northern Song Dynasty 
Featuring Red Glaze  

This exquisitely crafted red-glazed Ru-ware bowl, originating from the Northern Song Dynasty, exemplifies exceptional artistry and historical significance. Designed as a tribute bowl for the Emperor and his Court, it features fire-gilded copper bands meticulously applied around both the rim and base. These bands exhibit layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite, indicative of the bowl's considerable age and authenticity. Supporting microscopic photography has verified the absence of agate within the glaze, further substantiating the bowl's genuineness—a method regarded by experts as more reliable than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and resistant to counterfeiting. The bowl's red glaze displays a refined crackle visible under magnification, paired with a smooth texture devoid of agate inclusions. The base of the bowl is marked by three diminutive spur marks, akin in size to sesame seeds, and bears a carved tribute designation. The dimensions of this remarkable piece are approximately 5 1/2 inches in diameter. This artifact is a noteworthy remnant of Emperor Huizong's revered collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware. ppjrs 

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Northern Song Dynasty Elegant Red Glaze Imperial Ru-Ware Tribute 
Spittoon Form Vessel 

An exceptionally crafted and aesthetically striking red-glazed Ru-ware spittoon, dating back to the Northern Song Dynasty, exemplifies the artistry of this period. This vessel, created as a tribute for the Emperor and his court, features intricately crafted fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and base. Notably, these bands exhibit layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green botryoidal malachite, indicating significant antiquity. Microscopic inspections confirm the absence of agate within the glaze, reinforcing the authenticity of this exquisite piece. The held gilded copper band prominently displays corrosion patterns of cuprite and malachite, which serve as a more reliable indicator of age than thermoluminescence (TL) testing; such evidence is universally recognized by experts as a definitive measure of an artifact's authenticity, impervious to forgery. The vessel is adorned with a rich red glaze exhibiting finely detailed crackle patterns, observable under magnification, alongside a notably smooth texture. Its base is marked by three minute spur marks, comparable in size to sesame seeds, and is accompanied by a carved tribute mark. This remarkable artifact measures approximately 4 1/8 inches in diameter and is part of the surviving collection of imperial Ru Ware from the reign of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru Ware Moonlight White Tribute Burner from the 
Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally refined tribute Ru-ware burner features a striking Moonlight white glaze, characterized by its soft and smooth texture. Notably, the glaze is devoid of agate in the mix, and the lid is elegantly adorned with a fire-gilded copper band. Such fire-gilded bands are indicative of tribute wares commissioned for the Emperor and his court. The fire-gilded copper band has undergone minimal cleaning, revealing layered corrosion in reddish cuprite and green malachite, which further substantiates its historical significance. Accompanying microscopic images verify the absence of agate in the glaze, while the gilded band exhibits discernible corrosion—evidence of its considerable age. This method of examination is deemed more reliable than Thermoluminescence (TL) testing and is the standard employed by experts to ascertain the authenticity of artifacts, ensuring that this piece cannot be counterfeited. Additionally, the burner displays five diminutive spur marks, each resembling the shape and size of a sesame seed. This remarkable tribute burner stands approximately 4.5 inches tall and forms part of the surviving collection from Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru-Ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru Ware Moonlight White Tribute Vase from the Northern

Song Dynasty 

This exquisite tribute vase, crafted in the esteemed Ru ware tradition, features an exceptionally fine moonlight white glaze, characterized by its soft and smooth texture without the presence of agate in the glaze mix. The rim and base are elegantly adorned with fire-gilded copper bands, a hallmark of tribute wares dedicated to the Emperor and his court. Upon examination, the gilded bands display slight cleaning, revealing layered reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion, indicative of the vase's significant age. Accompanying microscopic photographs further substantiate the absence of agate within the glaze. The corrosion patterns on the gilded copper bands are reliably used by experts to authenticate historical artifacts, offering a level of assurance that surpasses that of thermoluminescence (TL) testing. Notably, the vase exhibits five diminutive spur marks, resembling sesame seeds in both shape and size. This remarkable piece stands approximately 6 1/4 inches in height and remains a part of the surviving hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru ware from the era of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru Ware Moon-Glazed Tribute Vase in the Form of a Mallet 
from the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally fine tribute Ru-ware vase, crafted in a mallet form, features a remarkably soft and smooth moonlight white glaze, devoid of any agate in the glaze mix. The vase is elegantly adorned with a single fire-gilded copper band encircling the rim. It is important to note that all Ru ware featuring fire-gilded bands is designated as tribute ware, historically presented to the Emperor and his court. The gilded band exhibits slight cleaning, revealing layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green malachite, indicative of the piece's significant age. Accompanying microscopic photographs substantiate the absence of agate within the glaze, while the observable corrosion on the gilded band serves as a reliable marker of authenticity, considered superior to thermoluminescence (TL) testing by experts in the field. This authenticity cannot be replicated. Additionally, the vase bears five-minute spur marks, consistently shaped and sized like sesame seeds. Standing approximately 7 inches tall, this piece is a notable relic from Emperor Huizong's surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru Ware Moonlight White Tribute Vessel from the 
Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally refined tribute vessel, crafted in Ru-ware, features intricately designed dragon handles and exhibits a pristine moonlight white glaze. The glaze is characterized by its soft and smooth surface, devoid of any agate in the glaze mix. Notably, the vessel boasts two fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and the base, which are indicative of tribute wares specifically created for the Emperor and his court. The gilding has undergone minimal cleaning, revealing layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green malachite, further substantiating its antiquity. Accompanying microscopic documentation confirms the absence of agate within the glaze, while the visible corrosion on the gilded copper band serves as a reliable testament to the vessel’s authenticity, surpassing the validity of a thermoluminescence test as established by expert standards. Additionally, the vessel features three-minute spur marks, resembling sesame seeds in both shape and size. This tribute piece stands at approximately 4 3/8 inches in height and is part of the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru-Ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru Ware Moonlight White Vase with Dragon Handles from 
the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exquisite tribute vase exemplifies the artistry of Fine Moonlight White Glaze Ru-ware, characterized by its elegant, soft, and smooth surface devoid of agate in the glaze mix. The vase features fire-gilded copper bands adorning both the rim and base, indicating its status as a tribute piece presented to the Emperor and his court. Notably, the gold bands exhibit signs of minimal cleaning, revealing layered reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion, which serve as indicators of the vase's significant age. Accompanying microscopic analysis corroborates the absence of agate in the glaze, while the observable corrosion on the gilded copper band reassures collectors of its authenticity. This method of verification is deemed more reliable than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and is widely accepted among experts in the field for determining the provenance of artifacts, thus mitigating the risk of forgery. The vase is adorned with five diminutive spur marks resembling the shape and size of sesame seeds. Standing at approximately 5 1/2 inches in height, this distinguished piece originates from the surviving hoard of Emperor Huizong’s Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware collection. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru Ware Moonlight White Tribute Stem Cup from the 
Northern Song Dynasty 

This esteemed tribute stem cup, crafted in the exceptionally fine moonlight white glaze characteristic of Ru-ware, presents an exquisite and smooth finish devoid of agate in its glaze composition. The vessel features a fire-gilded copper band encircling both the rim and the base, indicative of its status as a tribute item to the Emperor and his court. Notably, the fire-gilded bands exhibit remnants of careful cleaning and showcase layered corrosion, including reddish cuprite and green malachite, which serve as tangible evidence of the cup's considerable age. Accompanying microscopic images substantiate the absence of agate within the glaze, while also revealing the distinct corrosion on the gilded copper band. This method of analysis is regarded as more reliable than a thermoluminescence (TL) test and is widely accepted by experts for authenticating artifacts, as it cannot be artificially replicated. The stem cup is adorned with five minuscule spur marks, reminiscent of sesame seeds in shape and size. With an approximate height of 4 1/4 inches, this piece originates from the surviving hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware commissioned by Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Ru Ware Moonlight White Tribute Phoenix Handles Vase

This exquisite tribute vase exemplifies the artistry of Ru-ware, characterized by its exceptionally fine moonlight white glaze that is both soft and smooth, devoid of any agate in mix. The vase features fire-gilded copper bands encircling the rim and base, a hallmark of tribute wares crafted for the Emperor and his court. The fire-gilded bands have undergone minimal cleaning, displaying layered corrosion attributable to cuprite and malachite, thereby underscoring the vase's significant age. Accompanying microscopic photographs verify the absence of agate in the glaze, and the corrosion on the gilded copper bands further corroborates the vase's authenticity. This method of verification is deemed more reliable than thermoluminescence (TL) testing and is the standard practice among experts in the field. In addition, the vase features five minuscule spur marks, reminiscent of sesame seeds in both shape and size. The overall height of this remarkable piece is approximately 6 inches, and it is recognized as part of the surviving collection of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware from the reign of Emperor Huizong. ppjrs 

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Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru Ware Moonlight White Tribute

Cong Vase

This exquisite tribute vase is a finely crafted example of Ru-ware, distinguished by its exceptionally delicate moonlight white glaze, free of any agate within the glaze composition. The vase features two fire-gilded copper bands encircling both the rim and the base, characteristic of tribute wares commissioned for the Emperor and his court. Notably, the fire-gilded bands exhibit some signs of cleaning and show layers of reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion, indicating their considerable age. Supplemental microscopic photographs corroborate the absence of agate in the glaze, and the observable cuprite and malachite corrosion on the gilded copper bands serve as a testament to the vase’s authenticity. This method of validation is recognized by experts as being more reliable than thermoluminescence (TL) testing, thereby ensuring the vase's status as a genuine artifact that cannot be fabricated. Additionally, the vase is marked with five diminutive spur marks, resembling the shape and size of sesame seeds. The tribute vase stands approximately 6 ¾ inches tall and originates from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru Ware Hexagonal Vase from the Northern Song Dynasty: 
Moonlight White Tribute Edition 

This exquisite tribute vase embodies the hallmark characteristics of Ru-ware, featuring a finely crafted hexagonal form and an exceptionally refined moonlight-white glaze. Notably, the glaze formulation contains no agate, ensuring its authenticity and adherence to traditional production techniques. Adorning the top and bottom of the vase are two elegantly fire-gilded copper bands, a distinctive feature reserved for tribute wares presented to the Emperor and his court. These bands exhibit some signs of cleaning, revealing layered corrosion indicative of reddish cuprite and green malachite, adding to the piece's historical significance. Accompanying microscopic analysis has confirmed the absence of agate within the glaze, and the visible corrosion on the gilded copper bands further substantiates the vase's age. Such evidence is deemed more reliable than a thermoluminescence test and is widely utilized by experts for determining the authenticity of artifacts, rendering replication unfeasible. The vase is also characterized by ring handles and five diminutive spur marks, resembling sesame seeds in both shape and size. Measuring approximately 6 1/4 inches in height, this remarkable piece originates from the surviving collection of Ru-ware attributed to Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty. ppjrs 

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Imperial Ru Ware Sky Blue Glaze Brush Washer from the Northern

Song Dynasty 

This exquisite sky-blue glaze tribute to Ru-ware brush washer exemplifies the artistry of its era. The piece features a delicate, smooth glaze devoid of any agate in the glaze mix. It is elegantly adorned with a fire-gilded band crafted from copper that encircles the rim. Notably, all Ru ware exhibiting fire-gilded bands are classified as tribute items presented to the Emperor and his court. The gilded copper band has undergone minor cleaning, revealing distinctive layers of reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion, which serve as indicators of the piece's significant age. Accompanying microscopic photographs substantiate the absence of agate in the glaze, while the visible corrosion on the gilded copper band provides further evidence of its authenticity—a method recognized by experts as more reliable than thermoluminescence (TL) testing. The brush washer is supported by three legs and features three tiny spur marks akin to sesame seeds. With an approximate diameter of 5 ½ inches, this exceptional artifact originates from the surviving cache of N. Song Imperial Ru-ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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Sky-Blue Glaze Ru-Ware Stem Cup from the Northern Song Dynasty: 
A Tribute Piece 

This exquisite tribute Ru-ware stem cup features an exceptionally fine, sky-blue glaze characterized by its soft and smooth texture, devoid of any agate components within the glaze mixture. The piece is adorned with a fire-gilded copper band encircling both the rim and base. Notably, all Ru ware items exhibiting fire-gilded bands are regarded as tribute wares presented to the Emperor and his court. While the fire-gilded bands have undergone a light cleaning, they still display visible layers of reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion, further attesting to their substantial age. Accompanying microscopic photographs provide definitive evidence of the absence of agate in the glaze, and the observed corrosion on the gilded copper band serves as a reliable indicator of authenticity—an assessment that surpasses the accuracy of thermoluminescence (TL) testing and is widely accepted among experts in the field. The stem cup features five minuscule spur marks, reminiscent of sesame seeds. This remarkable tribute stem cup stands at approximately 4 ¼ inches tall and originates from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru Ware Hexagonal Cup with Sky Blue Glaze from 
the Northern Song Dynasty 

This exceptionally fine sky-blue glazed tribute hexagon cup exemplifies Ru-ware craftsmanship. The piece is characterized by a soft, smooth glaze that exhibits no presence of agate within the glaze composition. Adorning the rim and base of the cup is a fire-gilded band over copper, indicative of its status as a tribute ware presented to the Emperor and his court. The gilded bands have undergone minimal cleaning, revealing layers of reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion that attest to the cup's significant age. Accompanying microscopic photographs confirm the complete absence of agate in the glaze; furthermore, the corrosion on the gilded copper band is distinctly observable, providing a more reliable measure of authenticity than thermoluminescence (TL) testing, a criterion widely accepted by professionals in the field. The cup features two handles and displays five-minute spur marks, akin to sesame seeds in size. It stands at an approximate height of 2 3/4 inches. This remarkable piece originates from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs 

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Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru Ware Sky Blue Glaze Tribute

Brush Washer

This exceptionally refined sky-blue glazed tribute Ru-ware brush washer features three elegantly designed handles. The glaze exhibits a remarkably soft and smooth texture, devoid of any agate in the glaze mix. Encircling both the rim and the base is a fire-gilded band crafted from copper. It is important to note that Ru-ware items adorned with fire-gilded bands were specifically produced as tributes for the Emperor and his court. The gilded copper bands have undergone slight cleaning, showcasing layered corrosion in the form of reddish cuprite and green malachite. Accompanying microscopic examinations substantiate the absence of agate in the glaze, while the gilded copper band displays discernible signs of cuprite and malachite corrosion. Such evidence is indicative of the piece’s significant age and serves as a more reliable measure than thermoluminescence (TL) tests, as recognized by experts in the field for determining the authenticity of artifacts—this characteristic is inimitable. The brush washer is adorned with three dragon handles and features five spur marks, each approximately the size of a sesame seed. With a diameter of approximately 5 3/8 inches, this remarkable piece hails from the surviving collection of Emperor Huizong's Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs

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Northern Song Dynasty Imperial Ru Ware Sky Blue-Glaze Tribute 
Vase for the Emperor

This exceptional sky-blue glaze vase, attributed as a tribute to Emperor Huizong, exemplifies the esteemed Ru-ware tradition. The exquisite, velvety glaze devoid of agate accentuates the vase's refined aesthetic. Notably, it features two intricately fire-gilded copper bands adorning the rim and base, enhancing its overall elegance. The vase is inscribed on the bottom with the words "Feng Wang," signifying its purpose as a tribute to the Emperor. The fire-gilded bands have undergone minimal cleaning, exhibiting layered corrosion of reddish cuprite and green malachite, indicative of their antiquity. Accompanying microscopic analyses validate the absence of agate in the glaze. Furthermore, the visible corrosion on the gilded copper bands substantiates the vase's significant age, rendering it a more reliable measure of authenticity than thermoluminescence (TL) testing—widely accepted by experts in the field. The piece features five diminutive spur marks resembling sesame seeds, further illustrating its craftsmanship. This noteworthy tribute vase stands approximately 5 3/4 inches tall and is a remarkable artifact from the surviving hoard of Northern Song Imperial Ru-ware. ppjrs

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Imperial Ru Ware Brush Washer with Sky Blue Glaze from the Northern Song Dynasty, Featuring a Ribbed Design and Three Feet 

This exceptional sky-blue glazed tribute Ru-ware ribbed brush washer exemplifies remarkable craftsmanship and artistry. Notably, this tribute piece features a soft and smooth glaze, entirely devoid of agate in the glaze composition. A fire-gilded copper band encircles the rim, a characteristic detail found in Ru ware attributed to the Emperor and his court. The fire-gilded copper bands have undergone minimal cleaning, revealing layered reddish cuprite and green malachite corrosion, which serve as indicators of the piece's considerable age. Accompanying microscopic photographs provide irrefutable evidence of the absence of agate in the glaze. Furthermore, the visible corrosion on the gilded copper band is a well-established criterion for assessing authenticity, surpassing the reliability of a thermoluminescence (TL) test and gaining acceptance among experts in the field. This ribbed brush washer is supported by three feet and exhibits three diminutive spur marks comparable to sesame seeds. The dimensions of this tribute piece approximate 5 3/4 inches in diameter. It is a noteworthy artifact from the surviving collection of N. Song Imperial Ru-Ware associated with Emperor Huizong. ppjrs

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